Role of arm reaching movement kinematics in friction perception at initial contact with smooth surfaces

Abstract: When manipulating objects, humans begin adjusting their grip force to friction within 100 ms of contact. During motor adaptation, subjects become aware of the slipperiness of touched surfaces. Previously, we have demonstrated that humans cannot perceive frictional differences when surfaces are brought in contact with an immobilised...

3D CFD Study of Scour in Combined Wave–Current Flows around Rectangular Piles with Varying Aspect Ratios

This study utilizes three-dimensional simulations to investigate scour in combined wave–current flows around rectangular piles with various aspect ratios. The simulation model solves the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations using the k–ω turbulence model, and couples the Exner equation to compute bed elevation changes. The model also...

Flood Inundation Modeling by Integrating HEC–RAS and Satellite Imagery: A Case Study of the Indus River Basin

Floods are brutal, catastrophic natural hazards which affect most human beings in terms of economy and life loss, especially in the large river basins worldwide. The Indus River basin is considered as one of the world’s large river basins, comprising several major tributaries, and has experienced severe floods in its history. There is currently...

Submillimeter lateral displacement enables friction sensing and awareness of surface slipperiness

Human tactile perception and motor control rely on the frictional estimates that stem from the deformation of the skin and slip events. However, it is not clear how exactly these mechanical events relate to the perception of friction. This study aims to quantify how minor lateral displacement and speed enables subjects to feel frictional...

The collaborative autonomous shipping experiment (Case): Motivations, theory, infrastructure, and experimental challenges

The future autonomous ships will be operating in an environment where different autonomous and non-autonomous vessels with different characteristics exist. These vessels are owned by different parties and each uses its owned unique approaches for guidance and navigation. The Collaborative Autonomous Shipping Experiment (CASE) aims at...