Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells-derived extracellular vesicles as a potentially more beneficial therapeutic strategy than MSC-based treatment in a mild metabolic osteoarthritis model

Background: Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) and MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) hold promise as a disease modifying treatment in osteoarthritis (OA). Obesity, and its associated inflammation, contribute to OA development and metabolic OA represents a specific and significant group of the OA patient population. Given their...

Imaging of inflammatory cellular protagonists in human atherosclerosis: a dual-isotope SPECT approach

Purpose: Atherosclerotic plaque development and progression signifies a complex inflammatory disease mediated by a multitude of proinflammatory leukocyte subsets. Using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) coupled with computed tomography (CT), this study tested a new dual-isotope acquisition protocol to assess each radiotracer...

Treating infections with ionizing radiation: a historical perspective and emerging techniques

BACKGROUND: Widespread use and misuse of antibiotics have led to a dramatic increase in the emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria, while the discovery and development of new antibiotics is declining. This has made certain implant-associated infections such as periprosthetic joint infections, where a biofilm is formed, very difficult to...

Human C-reactive protein aggravates osteoarthritis development in mice on a high-fat diet

Objective: C-reactive protein (CRP) levels can be elevated in osteoarthritis (OA) patients. In addition to indicating systemic inflammation, it is suggested that CRP itself can play a role in OA development. Obesity and metabolic syndrome are important risk factors for OA and also induce elevated CRP levels. Here we evaluated in a human CRP ...

Automatic quantification of bone marrow edema on MRI of the wrist in patients with early arthritis: A feasibility study

Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of automatic quantification of bone marrow edema (BME) on MRI of the wrist in patients with early arthritis. <br clear="none"/>Methods: For 485 early arthritis patients (clinically confirmed arthritis of one or more joints, symptoms for less than 2 years), MR scans of the wrist were processed in three...

Pulmonary challenge with carbon nanoparticles induces a dose-dependent increase in circulating leukocytes in healthy males

Background: Inhalation of particulate matter, as part of air pollution, is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Nanoparticles (&lt; 100nm) are likely candidates for triggering inflammatory responses and activation of coagulation pathways because of their ability to enter lung cells and pass bronchial mucosa. We tested the...

Cortical Spreading Depression Causes Unique Dysregulation of Inflammatory Pathways in a Transgenic Mouse Model of Migraine

Familial hemiplegic migraine type 1 (FHM1) is a rare monogenic subtype of migraine with aura caused by mutations in CACNA1A that encodes the α1A subunit of voltage-gated CaV2.1 calcium channels. Transgenic knock-in mice that carry the human FHM1 R192Q missense mutation (‘FHM1 R192Q mice’) exhibit an increased susceptibility to cortical spreading...

Computer-aided evaluation of inflammatory changes over time on MRI of the spine in patients with suspected axial spondyloarthritis: A feasibility study

Background: Evaluating inflammatory changes over time on MR images of the spine in patients with suspected axial Spondyloarthritis (axSpA) can be a labor-intensive task, requiring readers to manually search for and perceptually align a set of vertebrae between two scans. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of computer...

Reduced acute myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury in IL-6-deficient mice employing a closed-chest model

Objective and design: We examined the role of IL-6 in the temporal development of cardiac ischemia–reperfusion injury employing a closed-chest I/R model. Materials/methods: Infarction, local and systemic inflammation, neutrophil infiltration, coagulation and ST elevation/resolution were compared between wild-type (WT) and IL-6-deficient (IL-6...