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de Rooij, G. (author), Borst, C. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author)Allocation is a challenge for higher levels of automation in air traffic control, where flights can be dynamically assigned to either a human or an automated agent. Through an exploratory experiment with six professional air traffic controllers, insight was gained into the possibilities and challenges of human-automation teamwork in an en-route...conference paper 2021
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van Baelen, D. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Ellerbroek, Joost (author), Abbink, D.A. (author), Mulder, Max (author)Modern aircraft use a variety of fly-by-wire control devices and combine these with a flight envelope protection system to limit pilot control inputs when approaching the aircraft limits. The current research project aims to increase pilot awareness of such a protection system through the use of force feedback on the control device, i.e.,...conference paper 2021
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Reitsma, J.P. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Borst, C. (author), Mulder, Max (author)In-flight non-normal events can be rather taxing for a flight crew. Numerous tasks, often competing for attention, need to be handled adequately after which, the best plan of action for the remainder of the flight needs to be determined. In the light of recent developments towards reduced crew operations, the demand for reducing workload has...conference paper 2021
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Linskens, C.E. (author), Reitsma, J.P. (author), Borst, C. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author)Non-normal event resolution in-flight can be challenging on the flight crew with increased time pressure, workload, stress. Other competing tasks impose a risk on flight safety and burdens the decision-making process. Pilots rely on checklists to aid in their effort, which in its state-of-the-art form are presented on the dedicated Electronic...conference paper 2021
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Miletović, I. (author), Pavel, M.D. (author), Pool, D.M. (author), Stroosma, O. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author), Wentink, Mark (author)Eigenmode distortion is a novel quantitative methodology developed to objectively evaluate motion cueing fidelity in flight simulation. It relies on an explicit coupling of linearized vehicle and Motion Cueing Algorithm dynamics. Modal analysis subsequently performed on this coupled system reveals the degree of distortion imposed by the Motion...journal article 2021
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Landman, H.M. (author), van den Hoed, Annemarie (author), van Baelen, D. (author), Stroosma, O. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Groen, Eric L. (author), Mulder, Max (author)Ground-based demonstration of spatial disorientation (SD) has been recommended for military as well as commercial pilot training. Although the leans illusion is the most common form of SD, no data exist yet of an effective ground-based leans procedure for a hexapod simulator. In this paper we describe the development of such a procedure and its...conference paper 2021
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Bergwerff, L. (author), van Paassen, L.A. (author)The precipitation of calcium carbonate is well studied in many fields of research and industry. Despite the fact that, or perhaps because of the fact that, it is well studied in many fields, different approaches have been used to describe the kinetics of the precipitation process. The aim of this study was to collect and compare the data...review 2021
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van Baelen, D. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Ellerbroek, Joost (author), Abbink, D.A. (author), Mulder, Max (author)Modern aircraft can be equipped with a flight envelope protection system: automation which modifies pilot control inputs to ensure that the aircraft remains within the allowable limits. Overruling the pilot inputs may lead to mode confusion, even when visual or auditory feedback is provided to alert pilots. We advocate using active control...journal article 2021
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Fu, W. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author)Limitations of a haptic device can cause distortions of the force feedback it presents. Just-noticeable difference (JND) in system dynamics is important for creating transparent haptic interaction. Based on the previous work, this article presents a unified model that extends the existing JND rule. Our approach projects the JNDs in the...journal article 2020
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van der El, Kasper (author), Pool, D.M. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author)The 1960s crossover model is widely applied to quantitatively predict a human controller's (HC's) manual control behavior. Unfortunately, the theory captures only compensatory tracking behavior and, as such, a limited range of real-world manual control tasks. This article finalizes recent advances in manual control theory toward more general...journal article 2020
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Landman, H.M. (author), Groen, Eric L. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Bronkhorst, Adelbert W. (author), Mulder, Max (author)Previous studies show that pilots sometimes make roll reversal errors (RREs) when responding to the aircraft bank angle shown on the attitude indicator (AI). This is suggestive of a perceptual ambiguity in the AI. In the current study, we investigated whether expectation contributes to such misperception. Twenty nonpilots performed tasks in a...journal article 2020
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van Baelen, D. (author), Ellerbroek, Joost (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author)Several modern aircraft use a passive control manipulator: a spring–damper system that generates command signals to the flight control computers in combination with a flight envelope protection system that limits pilot inputs when approaching the aircraft limits. This research project aims to increase pilot awareness of this protection system...journal article 2020
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Landman, H.M. (author), van Middelaar, Sophie H. (author), Groen, Eric L. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Bronkhorst, Adelbert W. (author), Mulder, Max (author)Background: Mnemonic-type startle and surprise procedures were previously proposed to help pilots cope with startle and surprise in-flight, but effects on performance after procedure execution have not yet been investigated. Objective: Thus, we tested the effectiveness a new mnemonic-type procedure in a moving-base simulator with a non-linear...journal article 2020
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Eisma, Y.B. (author), Borst, C. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of augmented feedback on participants’ workload, performance, and distribution of visual attention. Background: An important question in human–machine interface design is whether the operator should be provided with direct solutions. We focused on the solution space diagram (SSD),...journal article 2020
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Barciela Rial, M. (author), van Paassen, L.A. (author), Griffioen, Jasper (author), van Kessel, Thijs (author), Winterwerp, J.C. (author)We studied the drying behavior of slurries of Markermeer sediments in the Netherlands having different solid compositions. Natural processes such as sand–mud segregation and oxidation of organic matter were mimicked to analyze the effect of changes in sediment composition. Evaporation experiments were performed with soft slurry samples using...journal article 2020
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Shakeel, A. (author), Safar, Z. (author), Ibanez Sanz, M.E. (author), van Paassen, L.A. (author), Chassagne, C. (author)The characteristics of clayey suspensions, majorly composed of quartz microparticles, in the presence of anionic and cationic polyelectrolytes were investigated using different techniques. A wide range of clay concentrations was used, i.e., from 0.07 to 1000 g/L for different experimental techniques, based on the fact that the clay...journal article 2020
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Scholten, Pepijn A. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Chu, Q. P. (author), Mulder, Max (author)A variable stability in-flight simulator has the capabilities to change the response of an aircraft in-flight, often without changing the physical properties of the aircraft. The ability to adjust the aircraft response characteristics and handling qualities has various purposes, such as pilot training, control system development, and handling...journal article 2020
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van den Hoed, Annemarie (author), Landman, H.M. (author), van Baelen, D. (author), Stroosma, O. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Groen, Eric L. (author), Mulder, Max (author)Objective: We tested whether a procedure in a hexapod simulator can cause incorrect assumptions of the bank angle (i.e., the “leans”) in airline pilots as well as incorrect interpretations of the attitude indicator (AI). Background: The effect of the leans on interpretation errors has previously been demonstrated in nonpilots. In-flight,...journal article 2020
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van Baelen, D. (author), Ellerbroek, Joost (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Abbink, D.A. (author), Mulder, Max (author)Modern aircraft use a variety of fly-by-wire control devices and combine these with a flight envelope protection system to limit pilot control inputs when approaching the aircraft limits. The current research project aims to increase pilot awareness of such a protection system through the use of force feedback on the control device, i.e.,...conference paper 2020
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de Rooij, G. (author), van Baelen, D. (author), Borst, C. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author)This paper describes the design and evaluation of a visual display in supplementing haptic feedback on the side stick as a way to communicate flight envelope boundaries to pilots. The design adds indications for the limits in airspeed, load factor, angle of attack and angle of bank to a standard Airbus primary flight display (PFD). The...conference paper 2020