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Mackay, L.J. (author), Guarnotta, Robin (author), Dimou, Anastasios (author), Morales-Espana, G. (author), Ramirez Elizondo, L.M. (author), Bauer, P. (author)The emergence of distributed energy resources can lead to congestion in distribution grids. DC distribution grids are becoming more relevant as more sources and loads connected to the low voltage grid use dc. Bipolar dc distribution grids with asymmetric loading can experience partial congestion resulting in a nodal price difference between...journal article 2018
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Shekhar, A. (author), Ramirez Elizondo, L.M. (author), Bandyopadhyay, S. (author), Mackay, L.J. (author), Bauer, P. (author)Low voltage dc distribution grids face issues associated with arc faults, aggravated by the absence of current zero crossing. The focus of this paper is to comprehensively develop a method of series arc fault detection at the load side power electronics, based on the electrode dependent initial voltage drop occurring at the arc initiation....journal article 2018
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Mackay, L.J. (author), van der Blij, N.H. (author), Ramirez Elizondo, L.M. (author), Bauer, P. (author)AbstractDue to an increasing number of power generation units and load devices operating with direct current (DC) at distribution level, there is a potential benefit of leading efforts toward building a DC distribution system. However, the implementation of DC distribution systems faces important challenges, including the market inertia of AC...journal article 2017
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Mackay, L.J. (author), Hailu, T.G. (author), Chandra Mouli, G.R. (author), Ramirez Elizondo, L.M. (author), Ferreira, Jan Abraham (author), Bauer, P. (author)The traditional ac power system is challenged by the increased amount of distributed energy resources. Enormous changes and investments are necessary in order to achieve an ac smart grid capable of coping with the challenges introduced. In dc, solutions seem to be more straightforward since most of the distributed energy sources and most of the...conference paper 2015
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Marafante, E (author), Mackay, L.J. (author), Hailu, T.G. (author), Chandra Mouli, G.R. (author), Ramirez Elizondo, L.M. (author), Bauer, P. (author)DC microgrids can connect directly dc renewable energy sources with increasing amount of dc loads. In this paper it is looked for possible architectures for integrating PV panels into dc microgrids, by means of microconverter strings. Three topologies are considered, featuring only buck microconverters and only boost microconverters, since they...conference paper 2015