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A multiscale consolidation model for press molding of hybrid textiles into complex geometries

Werlen, Vincent (author), Rytka, Christian (author), Dransfeld, C.A. (author), Brauner, Christian (author), Michaud, Véronique (author)

Modeling the consolidation of fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites at the part level presents a formidable computational challenge due to the multi-scale nature of the process. In this article, a method to bypass the multi-scale problem by homogenizing the micro scale and describing the medium with characteristic parameters is described....

journal article 2024

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Self-catalysed frontal polymerisation enables fast and low-energy processing of fibre reinforced polymer composites

Staal, Jeroen (author), Caglar, Baris (author), Michaud, Véronique (author)

Frontal polymerisation has the potential to bring unprecedented reductions in energy demand and process time to produce fibre reinforced polymer composites. Production of epoxy-based fibre reinforced polymer parts with high fibre volume content, commonly encountered in industry, is however hindered by the heat sink created by the fibres and...

journal article 2024

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Saturated transverse permeability of unidirectional rovings for pultrusion: The effect of microstructural evolution through compaction

Yuksel, O. (author), Caglar, Baris (author), Broggi, G.C. (author), Michaud, Véronique (author), Akkerman, Remko (author), Baran, Ismet (author)

The transverse permeability of roving/tow-based fiber reinforcement is of great importance for accurate flow modeling in the pultrusion process. This study proposes an experimental approach to characterize the roving-based fiber beds' permeability under different compaction conditions. The experimental permeability results of thick roving...

journal article 2024

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Measurement and modelling of dynamic fluid saturation in carbon reinforcements

Teixidó, Helena (author), Broggi, G.C. (author), Caglar, Baris (author), Michaud, Véronique (author)

We propose a methodology to monitor the progressive saturation of a non-translucent unidirectional carbon fabric stack through its thickness by means of X-ray radiography and extract the dynamic saturation curves using image analysis. Four constant flow rate injections with increasing flow speed were carried out. These were simulated by a...

journal article 2023

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Thermal management in radical induced cationic frontal polymerisation for optimised processing of fibre reinforced polymers

Staal, Jeroen (author), Smit, Edgar (author), Caglar, Baris (author), Michaud, Véronique (author)

Radical induced cationic frontal polymerisation (RICFP) is considered a promising low energy method for processing of fibre reinforced polymers (FRPs). Optimisation of the local heat balance between reinforcement, epoxy resin and the surrounding mould is required to pave the way for its adaptation to an industrial processing method for high...

journal article 2023

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Effect of wettability and textile architecture on fluid displacement and pore formation during infiltration of carbon fibrous preforms

Teixidó, Helena (author), Caglar, Baris (author), Michaud, Véronique (author)

We seek to address how air entrapment mechanisms during infiltration are influenced by the wetting characteristics of the fluid and the pore network formed by the reinforcement. To this end, we evaluated the behavior of two model fluids with different surface tensions, infiltrating three carbon fiber reinforcements, by means of X-ray...

journal article 2023

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Editorial: ECCM Research Topic on advanced manufacturing of composites

Binetruy, Christophe (author), Caglar, Baris (author), Daelemans, Lode (author), Dransfeld, C.A. (author), Michaud, Véronique (author)

contribution to periodical 2023

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A model for the consolidation of hybrid textiles considering air entrapment, dissolution and diffusion

Werlen, Vincent (author), Vocke, Richard (author), Brauner, Christian (author), Dransfeld, C.A. (author), Michaud, Véronique (author), Rytka, Christian (author)

A new model is proposed for the consolidation of hybrid textiles, in which air entrapment and dissolution are considered. One of the key parameters is tow permeability, which is described by the analytical model of Gebart and validated at very high fibre volume fractions by direct tow permeability measurement. The model also takes into...

journal article 2023

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Development and characterization of hybrid thin-ply composite materials

Argyropoulos, Alexios (author), Caglar, Baris (author), Gomarasca, S. (author), Ricard, Thomas (author), Michaud, Véronique (author)

Thin-ply composites are recognized as a key solution for the manufacturing of high-performance composite structures due to the unique mechanical properties and the increased design versatility that they offer. They are obtained with state-of-the-art fiber spreading methods where high-count (6-24K filaments) tows of technical fibers (carbon,...

conference paper 2022

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Processing of Fibre Reinforced Polymers by Controlled Radical Induced Cationic Frontal Polymerisation

Staal, Jeroen (author), Smit, Edgar (author), Caglar, Baris (author), Michaud, Véronique (author)

Radical Induced Cationic Frontal Polymerisation (RICFP) has recently been proposed as a promising strategy for processing of epoxide carbon fibre reinforced polymers. Control of the local heat balance is crucial towards the production of industrial-quality composites, which is typically achieved via controlling the heat generation. In this work...

conference paper 2022

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A new virtual fiber modeling approach to predict the kinematic and mechanical behavior of through-thickness fabric compression

Daelemans, Lode (author), Dung Dinh, Tien (author), Caglar, Baris (author), Michaud, Véronique (author), Van Paepegem, Wim (author)

We propose a new modeling strategy based on hybrid elements for virtual fiber modeling (also known as the digital element method) to predict both kinematics as well as mechanics of woven fabrics. In virtual fiber modeling, yarns are modeled consisting of a number of discrete fibers. We show that through the development of a modeling strategy...

conference paper 2022

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Dual-scale visualization of resin flow for liquid composite molding processes

Teixidó, Helena (author), Caglar, Baris (author), Michaud, Véronique (author)

Visualization of resin flow progression through fibrous preforms is often sought to elucidate flow patterns and validate models for filling prediction for liquid composite molding processes. Here, conventional X-ray radiography is compared to X-ray phase contrast technique to image in-situ constant flow rate impregnation of a non-translucent...

conference paper 2022

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Consolidation of hybrid textiles for aerospace applications

Werlen, Vincent (author), Vocke, Richard (author), Rytka, Christian (author), Schwanemann, Philip (author), Michaud, Véronique (author), Dransfeld, C.A. (author)

Side-by-side hybrid textiles consist of layers of woven reinforcing fibres and thermoplastic fibres fabrics alternatively stacked on each other, as represented in Figure 1. Press moulding of side-by-side hybrid textiles is a manufacturing method where a near-net shape final part is produced in a single step, unlike pre-impregnated materials...

conference paper 2022

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Deep learning based prediction of fibrous microstructure permeability

Caglar, Baris (author), Broggi, G.C. (author), Ali, Muhammad A. (author), Orgéas, Laurent (author), Michaud, Véronique (author)

Knowledge of permeability of fibrous microstructures is crucial for predicting the mold fill times and resin flow path in composite manufacturing. Herein we report a method to rapidly predict the permeability of 3D fibrous microstructures. Our method relies on predicting the permeability of 2D cross-sections via deep neural networks and...

conference paper 2022

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A life cycle analysis of novel lightweight composite processes: Reducing the environmental footprint of automotive structures

Wegmann, Stephanie (author), Rytka, Christian (author), Diaz-Rodenas, Mariona (author), Werlen, Vincent (author), Schneeberger, Christoph (author), Ermanni, Paolo (author), Caglar, Baris (author), Gomez, Colin (author), Michaud, Véronique (author)

In this study, three novel thermoplastic impregnation processes were analyzed towards automotive applications. The first process is thermoplastic compression resin transfer molding in which a glass fiber mat is impregnated in through thickness by a thermoplastic polymer. The second process is a melt-thermoplastic Resin Transfer Molding (RTM)...

journal article 2022

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Deep learning accelerated prediction of the permeability of fibrous microstructures

Caglar, Baris (author), Broggi, G.C. (author), Ali, Muhammad A. (author), Orgéas, Laurent (author), Michaud, Véronique (author)

Permeability of fibrous microstructures is a key material property for predicting the mold fill times and resin flow path during composite manufacturing. In this work, we report an efficient approach to predict the permeability of 3D microstructures from deep learning based permeability predictions of 2D cross-sections combined via a circuit...

journal article 2022

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Capillary Effects in Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite Processing: A Review

Teixidó, Helena (author), Staal, Jeroen (author), Caglar, Baris (author), Michaud, Véronique (author)

Capillarity plays a crucial role in many natural and engineered systems, ranging from nutrient delivery in plants to functional textiles for wear comfort or thermal heat pipes for heat dissipation. Unlike nano- or microfluidic systems with well-defined pore network geometries and well-understood capillary flow, fiber textiles or preforms used...

review 2022

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Community Masks – from an Emergency Solution to an Innovation Booster for the Textile Industry

Batt, Till (author), Herwig, Gordon (author), Annaheim, Simon (author), Clement, Pietro (author), Furer, Lea (author), Hirsch, Cordula (author), Varanges, Vincent (author), Caglar, Baris (author), Michaud, Véronique (author)

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in shortages of personal protective equipment and medical devices in the initial phase. Agile small and medium-sized enterprises from regional textile industries reacted quickly. They delivered alternative products such as textile-based community masks in collaboration with industrial partners and research...

journal article 2022

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On the durability of surgical masks after simulated handling and wear

Varanges, Vincent (author), Caglar, Baris (author), Lebaupin, Yann (author), Batt, Till (author), He, Weidong (author), Wang, Jing (author), Rossi, René M. (author), Richner, Gilles (author), Delaloye, Jean Romain (author), Michaud, Véronique (author)

After the spread of COVID-19, surgical masks became highly recommended to the public. They tend to be handled and used multiple times, which may impact their performance. To evaluate this risk, surgical masks of Type IIR were submitted to four simulated treatments: folding, ageing with artificial saliva or sweat and washing cycles. The air...

journal article 2022

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Novel tooling for direct melt impregnation of textile with variotherm injection moulding: Methodology and proof of concept

Werlen, Vincent (author), Rytka, Christian (author), Wegmann, Stephanie (author), Philipp, Halime (author), Khalaf, Yara (author), Michaud, Véronique (author), Brauner, Christian (author), Dransfeld, C.A. (author)

Thermoplastic compression resin transfer moulding coupled with injection moulding is an appealing process for the production of thermoplastic composites. However, its implementation at an industrial scale remains challenging as variotherm injection moulding could prevent solid skin formation in the parting line, making cavity sealing...

journal article 2022