Translation of 3D Anatomy to 2D Radiographic Angle Measurements in the Ankle Joint: Validity and Reliability

Background: The objective consisted of 2 elements, primarily to define 2 bone geometry variations of the ankle that may be of prognostic value on ankle instability and secondly to translate these bone variations from a 3D model to a simple 2D radiographic measurement for clinical use. Methods: The 3D tibial and talar shape differences derived...

Typical shape differences in the subtalar joint bones between subjects with chronic ankle instability and controls

Bone shapes, particularly those defining the subtalar joint (STJ), have not received much attention yet as a risk factor for developing chronic ankle instability (CAI) after sustaining a lateral ankle sprain (LAS). This study aimed to compare three-dimensional (3D) shape variations in the STJ bones within individuals with CAI and healthy...

Feasibility study to determine if microfracture surgery using water jet drilling is potentially safe for Talar chondral defects in a Caprine model

Objective: Surgical microfracture is considered a first-line treatment for talar osteochondral defects. However, current rigid awls and drills limit access to all locations in human joints and increase risk of heat necrosis of bone. Using a flexible water jet instrument to drill holes can improve the reachability of the defect without...

Design and stepwise user evaluation of an ergonomic 2 DOF arthroscopic cutter

The goal of this study was to determine the preferred handle design for two degrees of freedom steerable arthroscopic cutter by performing a two-step development approach. The expected usefulness and usability of control components of three entirely different handles were defined by an on-line survey with 101 students and the actual control...

Comparison of optical coherence tomography and histopathology in quantitative assessment of goat talus articular cartilage

Background and purpose — Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a light-based imaging technique suitable for depiction of thin tissue layers such as articular cartilage. Quantification of results and direct comparison with a reference standard is needed to confirm the role of OCT in cartilage evaluation. Materials and methods — Goat talus...

How valid are commercially available medical simulators?

Background: Since simulators offer important advantages, they are increasingly used in medical education and medical skills training that require physical actions. A wide variety of simulators have become commercially available. It is of high importance that evidence is provided that training on these simulators can actually improve clinical...

Probing forces of menisci: What levels are safe for arthroscopic surgery

Purpose To facilitate effective learning, feedback on performance during arthroscopic training is essential. Less attention has been paid to feedback on monitoring safe handling of delicate tissues such as meniscus. The goal is to measure in vitro probing forces of menisci and compare them with a theoretical maximum probing force (TMPF). Method...

First validation of the PASSPORT training environment for arthroscopic skills

The demand for high quality care is in contrast to reduced training time for residents to develop arthroscopic skills. Thereto, simulators are introduced to train skills away from the operating room. In our clinic, a physical simulation environment to Practice Arthroscopic Surgical Skills for Perfect Operative Real-life Treatment (PASSPORT) is...