Energy Citizenship in Positive Energy Districts— Towards a Transdisciplinary Approach to Impact Assessment

It is commonly assumed by the projects demonstrating concepts for positive energy districts in cities across Europe that citizens want and need to be involved in the development of these concepts as an essential condition for positive energy districts to be deployed successfully and to achieve the expected societal goals. Six different...

Energy Citizenship in New Energy Concepts

It is assumed by the projects demonstrating Positive Energy District (PED) concepts in cities across Europe that citizens should want and need to be involved in the development of new energy concepts, such as PEDs for these concepts to be deployed successfully. Six different PED research and innovation projects are investigating the types and...

The Political Morphology of Drainage—How Gully Formation Links to State Formation in the Choke Mountains of Ethiopia

To understand why soil erosion is persistent despite three decades of massive investments in soil conservation, this paper explores how drainage and soil conservation change a hill slope in the Choke Mountains. By paying close attention to the practices that reshape the hill, we account for the active roles of people and material flows in...

Jumping the water queue: Changing waterscapes under water reform processes in rural Zimbabwe

This paper contributes to the ongoing discussion on the implementation of water reforms in rural African waterscapes and explores how farmers in a tertiary catchment in Zimbabwe react to these reforms. It shows how privileged farmers have jumped the water queue by moving their agricultural activities upstream where they illegally divert water...

Why infrastructure still matters: Unravelling water reform processes in an uneven waterscape in rural Kenya

Since the 1980s, a major change took place in public policies for water resources management. Whereas before governments primarily invested in the development, operation and maintenance of water infrastructure and were mainly concerned with the distribution of water, in the new approach they mainly focus on managing water resources systems by...

Multiple transitions in rotating turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection

Sharp transitions between potentially different turbulent states are unexpected because one might think that they should be washed out by the prevailing intense fluctuations and short coherence lengths and times. Contrary to this expectation, we found a sequence of such transitions in turbulent rotating Rayleigh-Bénard convection as the rotation...

Logarithmic variance profiles and the corresponding f-1 spectra of temperature fluctuations in turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection

We report experimental results for the temperature variance 2(z) and the corresponding frequency spectra P(f) in turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection (RBC) in a cylindrical sample of aspect ratioT= D/L = 1:00 (D = 1:12 m is the diameter and L = 1:12 m the height). The measurements were conducted in the Rayleigh-number range 1011 < Ra < 1:35 1014...

Aspect-ratio dependence of the transition to the ultimate state of turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection

We report on measurements of the ultimate-state transition in turbulent Rayleigh-B\'enard convection obtained in a large facility known as the ``Uboot of G\"ottingen" and using pressurized sulfur hexafluoride as the convecting fluid. We found that the transition occurs over a range of $Ra$ which becomes more narrow as $\Gamma$ increases, ranging...

Reynolds numbers near the ultimate state of turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection

We report on measurements of the mean-flow Reynolds number ReU and the rms fluctuation Reynolds number ReV in turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection as a function of the Rayleigh number Ra for 4 x 1011 < Ra < 2 1014 and Pr ' 0:8. Both can be described by the same power law with an effective exponent = 0:44, in agreement with predictions for ReU...

The Göttingen rotating turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection facility

Thermally driven turbulent convection under the influence of global rotation is ubiquitous in nature. Well known examples are the outer convective shell of our Sun and the outer liquid core of the Earth. Trying to understand the underlying dynamics of such flows is highly challenging, not only because of the enormous range in length- and time...

The question of inclusion and representation in rural South Africa: Challenging the concept of water user associations as a vehicle for transformation

The promotion of local governance and the transfer of water management responsibilities to Water User Associations (WUAs) have been central in water reform processes throughout the world, including in the reforms that took place in post-apartheid South Africa. This paper reflects on the notions of inclusion and representation as put forward by...

The governance of large dams: A new research area

Our current familiarity with large infrastructures, the place they hold in the landscape and the roles they play in modern living combine to make us lose sight of their long-term, system-wide effects. In this paper, the action of the large infrastructures of dams in structuring both the biophysical and the societal environment in which they...