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Ren, S. (author), Liu, X. (author), Lin, P. (author), Erkens, S. (author), Xiao, Yue (author)To further explore the long-term aging behaviors of bitumen from the multiscale perspectives, the experimental characterization and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation methods were performed. Series of chemical properties for the virgin and various aged bitumen were evaluated using the TCL-FID, ATR-FTIR, Elemental analysis and GPC tests. The...journal article 2021
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Zhang, Y. (author), Liu, X. (author), Apostolidis, P. (author), Jing, R. (author), Erkens, S. (author), Poeran, Natascha (author), Scarpas, Athanasios (author)Organosolv lignin, a natural polymer, has been used in this study as an oxidation inhibitor in bitumen. Particularly, the effect of oxidative aging on the chemical compositional changes and on the rheology of bituminous binders with organosolv lignin and the impact to inhibit oxidation in bitumen were evaluated. Firstly, after analyzing the...journal article 2020
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Wang, H. (author), Apostolidis, P. (author), Zhu, Jiqing (author), Liu, X. (author), Scarpas, Athanasios (author), Erkens, S. (author)Waste tire rubber has been incorporated into asphalt modification for decades due to its various benefits. There are two main mechanisms during bitumen–rubber interaction: rubber swelling and chemical degradation. This study surveys these two processes from the viewpoint of polymer science. The kinetics of rubber dissolution and...journal article 2020
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Wang, H. (author), Apostolidis, P. (author), Zhang, H. (author), Liu, X. (author), Erkens, S. (author), Scarpas, Athanasios (author)Microwave heating is a promising heating technology for the maintenance, recycling and deicing of pavement structures. Many experimental studies have been conducted to investigate the microwave heating properties of asphalt mixtures in the laboratory. However, very few studies investigated the application of microwave heating on asphalt...conference paper 2020
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Apostolidis, P. (author), Wang, H. (author), Zhang, H. (author), Liu, X. (author), Erkens, S. (author), Scarpas, Athanasios (author)Oxidative aging is a complex phenomenon in bitumen and its fundamental understanding is needed to optimize paving materials with long-lasting characteristics. This research reports on a diffuse-reaction model for predicting the oxidation of bituminous binders over time and under different conditions. As known, the oxidation of bitumen is...conference paper 2020
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Apostolidis, P. (author), Liu, X. (author), Erkens, S. (author), Scarpas, Athanasios (author)In-depth understanding of the temperature effect on oxidative aging in epoxy-asphalt blends is needed to enable accurate predictions on material response through their service life. Details of the significance of developing prediction models and tools on oxidative aging of pavement materials are presented in a companion paper (Apostolidis et al....conference paper 2020
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Zhang, Y. (author), Liu, X. (author), Jing, R. (author), Apostolidis, P. (author), Erkens, S. (author), Scarpas, Athanasios (author)During oxidative aging, oxygen reacts with active molecules present in bitumen producing polar compounds, principally ketones and sulfoxides, and increasing in the portion of asphaltenes. In general, oxidation reactions in bitumen yields to change its generic chemical composition and finally its colloidal structure deteriorating the physico...conference paper 2020
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Wang, H. (author), Apostolidis, P. (author), Zhang, H. (author), Liu, X. (author), Erkens, S. (author), Scarpas, Athanasios (author)Fundamental models should be developed and utilized in order to facilitate the chemo-mechanical design of modified binder systems for paving applications but not only. Especially, the fact that the incorporation of new chemical substances used as bio-based modifiers or alternative binders is attracting great interest to replace traditional...conference paper 2020
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Wang, H. (author), Liu, X. (author), Apostolidis, P. (author), van de Ven, Martin (author), Erkens, S. (author), Scarpas, Athanasios (author)Aging during construction and in-service substantially changes the chemical composition and physical properties of bitumen thereof influences the performance of asphalt pavements. The modification of bitumen by crumb rubber modifier (CRM) significantly increases the complexity of the aging mechanism and is expected to improve the aging...journal article 2020
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Xiao, Yue (author), Erkens, S. (author), Li, Mingliang (author), Ma, Tao (author), Liu, X. (author)This Special Issue "Sustainable Designed Pavement Materials" has been proposed and organized as a means to present recent developments in the field of environmentally-friendly designed pavement materials. For this reason, articles included in this special issue relate to different aspects of pavement materials, from industry solid waste...contribution to periodical 2020
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Apostolidis, P. (author), Liu, X. (author), Erkens, S. (author), Scarpas, Athanasios (author)Asphalt binders incorporating different modifiers is a common practice but empirically driven in most of the cases. Therefore, the fundamental understanding of modification mechanisms in asphalt binders is needed to design polymer modified binders in a controllable manner, especially today in which new modification technologies are proposed....journal article 2020
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Apostolidis, P. (author), Liu, X. (author), Erkens, S. (author), Scarpas, Athanasios (author)This work presents an experimental program developed to evaluate the effect of epoxy-asphalt binder, used as replacement of bitumen, on the durability and fatigue life of an asphalt concrete mix. The use of epoxy-type binder as tack coat has been explored as well and thus experiments have been conducted to quantify the effect of epoxy tack coat...journal article 2020
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Wang, H. (author), Liu, X. (author), Erkens, S. (author), Scarpas, Athanasios (author)One of the main drawbacks of crumb rubber modified bitumen (CRMB) is the storage stability issue. The storage instability of CRMB impedes its further application. This study aims to develop a robust methodology to evaluate the storage stability of CRMB binders using both mechanical and morphological tests. The effects of rubber contents (0, 5...journal article 2020
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Jing, R. (author), Varveri, Aikaterini (author), Liu, X. (author), Scarpas, Athanasios (author), Erkens, S. (author)Accelerated pavement testing (APT) is an effective method in evaluating pavement performance by applying wheel loading and speed under controlled conditions. This study aims to investigate the effects of wheel loading, speed and ambient temperature on the pavement responses at different directions and depths of pavement structure. A two-layer...book chapter 2020
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Wang, H. (author), Liu, X. (author), van de Ven, Martin (author), Lu, Guoyang (author), Erkens, S. (author), Scarpas, Athanasios (author)Recently warm mix asphalt (WMA) technologies have been introduced to rubberized asphalt mixtures to decrease the required construction temperatures and to alleviate the hazardous gas emissions. Rubberized asphalt pavements combining with WMA have the potential to improve the long-term pavement performance. This study aims to investigate the...journal article 2020
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Wang, H. (author), Liu, X. (author), Apostolidis, P. (author), Erkens, S. (author), Scarpas, Athanasios (author)Rubber swelling in bitumen, which is a diffusion-induced volume expansion process, plays a dominant role in the design of crumb rubber modified bitumen binders and their properties development. This study aims to investigate the kinetics of bitumen diffusion into truck tire rubber, the equilibrium swelling characteristics of rubber, and the...journal article 2020
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Apostolidis, P. (author), Liu, X. (author), Erkens, S. (author), Scarpas, Athanasios (author)Oxidative aging is responsible for the irreversible asphalt stiffening and embrittlement leading to asphalt pavements of increased susceptibility to fatigue and thermal cracking. In recent years, various flexible binders have been introduced in asphalt industry to produce long-life pavements and the epoxy asphalt binders are among them....journal article 2020
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Ren, S. (author), Liu, X. (author), Li, Mingliang (author), Fan, Weiyu (author), Xu, Jian (author), Erkens, S. (author)It is well known that crumb rubber (CR) and styrene–butadienestyrene (SBS) composite modified asphalt has better rheological and engineering performance. However, it always presents very poor compatibility and storage stability. Meanwhile, Trans-polyoctenamer (TOR) can effectively improve the compatibility and thermal stability of rubber...journal article 2020
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Wang, H. (author), Liu, X. (author), Zhang, H. (author), Apostolidis, P. (author), Erkens, S. (author), Scarpas, Athanasios (author)Crumb rubber modified bitumen (CRMB) can be considered as a binary composite system where rubber particles are embedded in the bitumen matrix. The bitumen-rubber interaction process (mainly swelling) significantly changes the mechanical properties of both bitumen and rubber phases. This study aims to predict the complex moduli of CRMB binders...journal article 2020
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Ren, S. (author), Liu, X. (author), Wang, H. (author), Fan, Weiyu (author), Erkens, S. (author)Recycling technology is widely used in the asphalt road construction due to its environmental and economic effects. Many efforts have focused on the performance restoration of aged base asphalt by adding light oil, but the possibility of recycling the aged asphalt using low-viscosity asphalt and polymers has been few explored. Therefore, the...journal article 2020