document

Identifying the Design Feature That Causes Project Delay in DfMA: A Dominant Element Analysis Method for Project Scheduling

Cao, Jianpeng (author), Zhang, Hang (author), Pan, Bo (author), Soman, R. K. (author), Savov, Anton (author), Hall, Daniel M. (author)

Design for manufacturing and assembly (DfMA) is an engineering methodology which aims to increase ease of manufacture and efficiency of assembly by considering manufacturing and assembly constraints in the design process. However, current DfMA approaches in the construction sector are not automated enough to identify the design features that...

conference paper 2024

document

Reinforcement Learning for Safe Robot Control using Control Lyapunov Barrier Functions

Du, D. (author), Han, S. (author), Qi, Naiming (author), Ammar, Haitham Bou (author), Wang, Jun (author), Pan, W. (author)

Reinforcement learning (RL) exhibits impressive performance when managing complicated control tasks for robots. However, its wide application to physical robots is limited by the absence of strong safety guarantees. To overcome this challenge, this paper explores the control Lyapunov barrier function (CLBF) to analyze the safety and reachability...

conference paper 2023

document

Damage Mode Identification of CFRP-Strengthened Beam Based on Acoustic Emission Technique

Pan, Tanbo (author), Zheng, Yonglai (author), Zhou, Y. (author), Wu, Zhuorui (author), Zhou, Yujue (author)

Externally bonded (EB) carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) is widely used in structural strengthening and retrofitting. Premature debonding of the FRP severely limits the efficiency of CFRP utilization. The application of CRRP anchorage system offers a solution to the debonding problem. However, the understanding of damage mode identification...

conference paper 2023

document

23.7 A BJT-Based Temperature Sensor with ±0.1 C(3σ) Inaccuracy from -55°C to 125°C and a 0.85pJ.K²Resolution FoM Using Continuous-Time Readout

Toth, N.G. (author), Tang, Z. (author), Someya, T. (author), Pan, S. (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author)

BJT-based temperature sensors are widely used due to their high accuracy over a wide temperature range with a low-cost 1-point trim. Although resistor-based sensors can achieve better energy efficiency, they typically require a 2-point trim to achieve comparable accuracy, while thermal-diffusivity based sensors achieve superior accuracy at...

conference paper 2023

document

A 0.01 mm²10MHz RC Frequency Reference with a 1-Point On-Chip-Trimmed Inaccuracy of ±0.28% from -45°C to 125°C in 0.18μm CMOS

An, X. (author), Pan, S. (author), Jiang, H. (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author)

CMOS frequency references based on RC oscillators are usually preferred over bulky crystals in loT applications [1-5]. However, due to the process spread and finite temperature coefficient (TC) of most on-chip resistors, RC oscillators require trimming and temperature compensation to achieve decent accuracy. Enabled by high-resolution...

conference paper 2023

document

23.5 A Sub-1V 810nW Capacitively-Biased BJT-Based Temperature Sensor with an Inaccuracy of ±0.15°C (3σ) from -55°C to 125°C

Tang, Z. (author), Pan, S. (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author)

BJT-based temperature sensors are widely used because they can achieve excellent accuracy after 1-point calibration. However, they typically dissipate mu textWs of power and require supply voltages above 1V [1]. Although sensors based on DTMOSTs [2], [3], capacitively biased (CB) diodes and BJTs [4,5] have demonstrated sub-1V operation, this...

conference paper 2023

document

A MEMS Coriolis-Based Mass-Flow-to-Digital Converter with 100g/h/surdHz Noise i Floor and Zero Stability of pm 0.35mg/h

Campos de Oliveira, A. (author), Pan, S. (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author)

Flow sensors with high resolution (<200g/h/surdHz) and low offset drift (<pm 0.4mg/h) are essential in many microfluidic applications, such as flow cytometry and biological/chemical assays. Although thermal flow sensors can meet these specifications [1], [2], they measure flow velocity, so their calibration is fluid specific. Coriolis...

conference paper 2022

document

Barrier Function-based Safe Reinforcement Learning for Formation Control of Mobile Robots

Zhang, Xinglong (author), Peng, Yaoqian (author), Pan, W. (author), Xu, Xin (author), Xie, Haibin (author)

Distributed model predictive control (DMPC) concerns how to online control multiple robotic systems with constraints effectively. However, the nonlinearity, nonconvexity, and strong interconnections of dynamic system models and constraints can make the real-time and real-world DMPC implementations nontrivial. Reinforcement learning (RL)...

conference paper 2022

document

A 210nW BJT-based Temperature Sensor with an Inaccuracy of ±0.15°C (3s) from -15°C to 85°C

Someya, T. (author), Van Hoek, Vincent (author), Angevare, J. (author), Pan, S. (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author)

This paper presents a 210nW BJT-based temperature sensor that achieves an inaccuracy of ±0.15°C (3s) from -15°C to 85°C. A dual-mode front-end (FE), which combines a bias circuit and a BJT core, halves the power needed to generate well-defined CTAT (VBE) and PTAT (?VBE) voltages. The use of a tracking ?S ADC reduces FE signal swing and...

conference paper 2022

document

5.4 A Hybrid Thermal-Diffusivity/Resistor-Based Temperature Sensor with a Self-Calibrated Inaccuracy of ±0.25° C(3 Σ) from -55°C to 125°C

Pan, S. (author), Angevare, J. (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author)

Resistor-based temperature sensors can achieve higher resolution and energy-efficiency than traditional BJT-based sensors. To reach similar accuracy, however, they typically require 2-point (2-pt) calibration, compared to the low-cost 1-pt calibration required by BJT-based sensors. This paper presents a hybrid temperature sensor that uses an...

conference paper 2021

document

31.3 A 0.14mm²16MHz CMOS RC Frequency Reference with a 1-Point Trimmed Inaccuracy of ±400ppm from -45°C to 85°C

Jiang, H. (author), Pan, S. (author), Gürleyük, C. (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author)

Recently, rapid strides have been made in improving the accuracy of RC-based frequency references [1 -3]. Inaccuracies better than \pm 500ppm from -45^{\circ}C to 85^{\circ}C have been achieved, but typically at the expense of a costly and time-consuming 2-point trim to compensate for RC spread and temperature dependence. This paper describes...

conference paper 2021

document

Reinforcement Learning for Orientation Estimation Using Inertial Sensors with Performance Guarantee

Hu, Liang (author), Tang, Y. (author), Zhou, Z. (author), Pan, W. (author)

This paper presents a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithm for orientation estimation using inertial sensors combined with a magnetometer. Lyapunov’s method in control theory is employed to prove the convergence of orientation estimation errors. The estimator gains and a Lyapunov function are parametrised by deep neural networks and...

conference paper 2021

document

Training Strategies for Autoencoder-based Detection of False Data Injection Attacks

Wang, C. (author), Pan, K. (author), Tindemans, Simon H. (author), Palensky, P. (author)

The security of energy supply in a power grid critically depends on the ability to accurately estimate the state of the system. However, manipulated power flow measurements can potentially hide overloads and bypass the bad data detection scheme to interfere the validity of estimated states. In this paper, we use an autoencoder neural network to...

conference paper 2020

document

A CMOS Resistor-Based Temperature Sensor with a 10fJ·K2 Resolution FoM and 0.4°C (30) Inaccuracy from -55°C to 125°C after a 1-point Trim

Pan, S. (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author)

Energy efficiency and accuracy are important specifications of CMOS temperature sensors. BJT -based sensors achieve state-of-the-art accuracy [1], while Wheatstone-bridge (WhB) sensors achieve lower accuracy but state-of-the-art energy efficiency [2], [3]. This paper presents a WhB sensor that is read out by an energy-efficient continuous...

conference paper 2020

document

A 16MHz CMOS RC Frequency Reference with ±400ppm Inaccuracy from -45°C to 85°C after Digital Linear Temperature Compensation

Gürleyük, C. (author), Pan, S. (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author)

Systems-on-chip traditionally rely on bulky quartz crystals to comply with wired communication standards like CAN or USB 2.0. Integrated frequency references with better than 500ppm inaccuracy could meet this need, resulting in higher integration and lower cost. Candidate architectures have employed RC-, LC- or TD (thermal diffusivity)-based...

conference paper 2020

document

Detection of False Data Injection Attacks Using the Autoencoder Approach

Wang, C. (author), Tindemans, Simon H. (author), Pan, K. (author), Palensky, P. (author)

State estimation is of considerable significance for the power system operation and control. However, well-designed false data injection attacks can utilize blind spots in conventional residual-based bad data detection methods to manipulate measurements in a coordinated manner and thus affect the secure operation and economic dispatch of grids....

conference paper 2020

document

Model-Reference Reinforcement Learning Control of Autonomous Surface Vehicles

Zhang, Q. (author), Pan, W. (author), Reppa, V. (author)

This paper presents a novel model-reference reinforcement learning control method for uncertain autonomous surface vehicles. The proposed control combines a conventional model-based control method with deep reinforcement learning. With the conventional model-based control, we can ensure the learning-based control law provides closed-loop...

conference paper 2020

document

A Wheatstone Bridge Temperature Sensor with a Resolution FoM of 20fJ.K ²

Pan, S. (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author)

Temperature sensors intended for embedded applications should be both energy-and area-efficient. The combination of Wheatstone-bridge (WhB) sensors and continuous-time ADCs has proven to be highly energy efficient [1], [2]. However, their area (> 0.25 mm{2}) is still larger than that of comparable BJT-based sensors [3], [4]. This paper...

conference paper 2019

document

Modelica-Supported Attack Impact Evaluation in Cyber Physical Energy System

Pan, K. (author), Gusain, D. (author), Palensky, P. (author)

The evolved smart grid has become a cyber physical energy system that could be exposed to a massive amount of cyber threats. Vulnerabilities within the cyber part can be used to launch multiple types of attacks that corrupt the physical system. The complexity of cyber physical energy system, the existing of different kinds of attacks, require...

conference paper 2019

document

A 0.12mm² Wien-Bridge Temperature Sensor with 0.1°C (3σ) Inaccuracy from -40°C to 180°C

Pan, S. (author), Gürleyük, C. (author), Pimenta, Matheus F. (author), Makinwa, K.A.A. (author)

Resistor-based temperature sensors can achieve much higher resolution and energy efficiency than conventional BJT-based sensors [1], but they typically occupy more area (> 0.25 mm ² ) and have lower operating temperatures (le 125 {circ} {C}) [2]-[4]. This work describes a 0.12mm ² resistor-based sensor that uses a...

conference paper 2019