Most Suitable Future-Proof Energy Supply for a New-Build Semi-Submersible Crane Vessel: Energy Transition-Compliant Energy Supply for Heerema's Sleipnir: A Multi-Criteria Analysis

Currently, our society faces a pressing challenge: global warming. The solution lies in the energy transition, which replaces fossil fuels with clean sources. This requires a global effort across all sectors, including shipping. While a significant portion of shipping relies on polluting fuels, the European Union’s Green Deal aims for climate...

Modelling the dynamic behaviour of a PEM fuel cell system

The research objective of this thesis is to simulate the dynamic behaviour of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell system. The model will encompass the fuel cell stack and some simplified balance of plant components. It will focus on simulating the reactions of the cell and the system with regards to changes in the requested load.

Employing Liquid Hydrogen for Fuel Cell Heat Recovery in Aircraft

This work describes the benefits of exploiting cold hydrogen in a 2 MW liquid hydrogen-electric powertrain. Hydrogen is stored in a liquid state in the aircraft at its boiling point of 20 K (at 1 bar). Fuel cells require an input temperature of at least zero degrees Celsius to operate. The heating process can either be done by drawing current...

Influence of processing on performance and durability of a reversal tolerant anode for a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC)

When no hydrogen is able to reach the Pt/C catalyst in the anode of an operating Proton-Exchange-Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC), the potentials of the cathode and anode will be reversed. During this fuel cell reversal, the potential of the anode rises and the Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER) and Carbon Oxidation Reaction (COR) will occur. Applying an...

Influence of Current Ripple on Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Degradation

The ongoing transition towards sustainable energy has resulted in a large interest in alternative sources. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) use hydrogen to produce energy without harmful emissions, and they can be used in a range of applications, from mobility to industrial power generation.<br/><br/>One hurdle that still stands...

Preliminary Propulsion System Sizing Methods for PEM Fuel Cell Aircraft

Fuel cells are one of the promising technical solutions for the first generation of sustainable aircraft. Currently, there are several shortcomings in the literature related to the conceptual and preliminary sizing of the propulsion systems of such aircraft: not only is there a lack of general methods, but also, much less effort is put into the...

Lifetime predictions for a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell system in maritime applications

Exploratory Study on Nuclear-powered Trailing Suction Hopper Dredgers

Dredging is an energy-intensive operation and, due to the nature of the process, there are large and rapid fluctuations in the power requirement. With the signing of the Paris Agreement, implementation of IMO 2020 and expansion of ECAs, the external pressures for the reduction of different emissions(CO2, SO_x, PM, and/or NO_x...

Design of a Fully Electric (Battery/Fuel Cell) Submarine

To improve the submerged time of diesel-electric submarines (SSK), air independent power (AIP) systems have been developed in the past. So far only submarines with AIP systemsin combination with one or more diesel generator (DG) sets are designed and built. The increased technological readiness level of modern fuel cells (FC) and the energy...

Fuel Cell and Battery Hybrid System Optimization: Towards Increased Range and Endurance

Aircraft manufacturers are increasingly exploring emission-free flight or emission reduction for larger passenger aircraft. The low energy density of state-of-the-art battery technology limits the application to small, electric, fixed wing aircraft up to a flight time of approximately one hour. To overcome these limits, a combination of fuel...

Optimization of a submarine propulsion system by implementing a PEM fuel cell and a PMSM in a first principle model

A naval submarine has to cope with different operational modes: sailing at<br/>the surface, just below the surface or fully submerged and at different speeds.<br/>Therefore it needs an appropriate power plant. In this research a first principle<br/>submarine propulsion model has been extended with a Proton Exchange Membrane<br/>Fuel Cell (PEMFC)...

Modelling of Tandem SOFC and PEMFC Fuel Cell Systems for Maritime Application

The world is moving towards a cleaner future. With the increasingly stringent emission regulation in maritime field and the limitation of marine diesel engine systems, the shipbuilders may start to seek cleaner solutions rather than modifying the currently prevailing internal combustion engine systems (ICE). According to previous researches, a...