A Review of Automatic Classification of Drones Using Radar: Key Considerations, Performance Evaluation and Prospects

Automatic target classification or recognition is a critical capability in noncooperative surveillance with radar in several defence and civilian applications. It is a well-established research field and numerous techniques exist for recognizing targets, including miniature unmanned air systems or drones (i.e., small, mini, micro, and nano...

Measurements of dune erosion processes during the RealDune/REFLEX experiments

Nearshore hydro- and morphodynamic data were collected during a field experiment under calm conditions, moderate conditions, and storm conditions with dune erosion in the collision regime. The experiment was conducted on the Sand Engine near Kijkduin, the Netherlands, from October 18, 2021, to January 7, 2022. Two artificial unvegetated dunes...

Demolition or retention of buildings: drivers at the masterplan scale

Current adaptation theory tends to consider individual buildings or the city level, which cannot address decisions related to masterplan developments on large brownfield sites. This paper investigates the drivers for building demolition or retention and adaptation decisions at the masterplan scale. Expert interviews and three case studies are...

What does heritability of Alzheimer’s disease represent?

Introduction Both late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and ageing have a strong genetic component. In each case, many associated variants have been discovered, but how much missing heritability remains to be discovered is debated. Variability in the estimation of SNP-based heritability could explain the differences in reported heritability....

Estimating disease burden of rotavirus in floodwater through traffic in the urban areas: A case study of Can Tho city, Vietnam

Microbial pathogens in urban floodwaters pose risks to human health, potentially causing diseases such as diarrhea. However, the disease burden related to urban traffic exposure from citizens passing through floodwaters is not easily quantified and therefore not included in many studies. Notably, this problem has received little attention in...

Blood, lead and spheres: A hindered settling equation for sedimentologists based on metadata analysis

A revision of the popular equation of Richardson and Zaki (1954a, Transactions of the Institute of Chemical Engineering, 32, 35–53) for the hindered settling of suspensions of non-cohesive particles in fluids is proposed, based on 548 data sets from a broad range of scientific disciplines. The new hindered settling equation enables...

Redefining the role of urban studies Early Career Academics in the post-COVID-19 university

We are an international collective of Early Career Academics (ECAs) who met throughout 2020 to explore the implications of COVID-19 on precarious academics. With this intervention, our aims are to voice commonly shared experiences and concerns and to reflect on the extent to which the pandemic offers opportunities to redefine Higher Education...

Passive Sampling of SARS-CoV-2 for Wastewater Surveillance

The shedding of pathogens by infected humans enables the use of sewage monitoring to conduct wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE). Although most WBE studies use data from large sewage treatment plants, timely data from smaller catchments are needed for targeted public health action. Traditional sampling methods, like autosamplers or grab...

Retention not demolition: how heritage thinking can inform carbon reduction

Two key benefits of building retention and adaptation, over demolition and new build are identified in the academic literature as: the conservation of heritage, and reductions in embodied greenhouse gas emissions from construction materials. A four-year research project, including expert interviews, focus groups and three detailed case...

A coordination mechanism for reducing price spikes in distribution grids

Recently, given the increased integration of renewables and growing uncertainty in demand, the wholesale market price has become highly volatile. Energy communities connected to the main electricity grid may be exposed to this increasing price volatility. Additionally, they may also be exposed to local network congestions, resulting in price...

State of the climate in 2019 the arctic: The Arctic

Observation and stabilization of photonic Fock states in a hot radio-frequency resonator

Detecting weak radio-frequency electromagnetic fields plays a crucial role in a wide range of fields, from radio astronomy to nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. In quantum optics, the ultimate limit of a weak field is a single photon. Detecting and manipulating single photons at megahertz frequencies presents a challenge because, even at...

Multi-robot formation control and object transport in dynamic environments via constrained optimization

We present a constrained optimization method for multi-robot formation control in dynamic environments, where the robots adjust the parameters of the formation, such as size and three-dimensional orientation, to avoid collisions with static and moving obstacles, and to make progress towards their goal. We describe two variants of the...

The measurement and recording of the forces acting on a ship at sea