Spatial Disorientation in a Hexapod Simulator: Evaluating the Effect of Expectation and Display Perception on Control Reversals for Experienced and Novice Pilots

In previous studies, pilots made roll reversal errors (RREs) when responding to a ‘moving- horizon’ type attitude indicator (AI). It was argued that it was the ambiguity of this display leading to RREs. Later, using non-pilots, it was found that RREs were in many cases caused by expectation-induced misperception of the AI bank angle, which can...