A circular hub for end-of-life wind turbine blades: Analysis of the location and magnitude of return volumes of wind turbine blades in and around the Netherlands until 2050 for the development of a circular wind hub at a Dutch port under the application of different circular strategies

Wind turbine blades are composed of complex composite material structures that are difficult to recycle at the end of their operational lifetime. As such, they are oftentimes landfilled or incinerated. Following the Circular Economy principles, there are a multitude of strategies that may be applied to these structures; these range from more to...

The circular potential of the urban mine: A spatial-temporal dynamic stock model for urban systems with a case study of copper in Amsterdam

Large material flows are extracted from natural mines in the earth’s crust and moved and stored in anthropogenic environments. Extraction processes from natural mines are often harmful for the environment and can cause material scarcity. At the same time governments are formulating ambitions to increase circularity in cities. For these reasons...