Performance Assessment of Global Optimization Algorithms in Automatic Calibration of Groundwater Models

Calibration of groundwater models can be done manually by comparing the measured and computed groundwater heads or automatically using algorithms which do the work for you. Modules for this purpose are included in or linked externally to traditional groundwater modelling software and used. One such module PEST (Parameter ESTimation) uses the...

Urban Vegetation Modeling 3D Levels of Detail

3D city models are now common planning and analysis tools. Urban vegetation as a feature in these models, however, is neglected overshadowed by the focus on buildings, so its inclusion in 3D city models is often symbolic. On the other hand, urban vegetation improves the comfort and social well being of a city’s inhabitants and is a resource for...