H ₂ Formation on Interstellar Dust Grains: The Viewpoints of Theory, Experiments, Models and Observations

Molecular hydrogen (H ₂ ) is the most abundant molecule in the Universe. Its formation involves catalytic reactions occurring on the surface of interstellar dust grains, but also involving polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Experiments and theoretical calculations have been performed to determine the processes governing the...

Why Organizations Fail in Implementing Enterprise Architecture Initiatives?

Enterprise architecture (EA) initiatives consist of functions, processes, tools, instruments, and principles to guide the design of IT and its alignment with business. EA is often presented as a silver bullet to ensure that IT contributes to business. Yet, many EA initiatives do not work out or even fail, but in the literature this area is...

An ism modeling of barriers for blockchain/distributed ledger technology adoption in supply chains towards cybersecurity

Over the last few years, the increasing level of cyber risks derived from the growing connectedness of Industry 4.0 has led to the emergence of blockchain technology as a major innovation in supply chain cybersecurity. The main purpose of this study is to identify and rank the significant barriers affecting the implementation of blockchain...

Challenges for adopting and implementing IoT in smart cities: An integrated MICMAC-ISM approach

Purpose: The wider use of Internet of Things (IoT) makes it possible to create smart cities. The purpose of this paper is to identify key IoT challenges and understand the relationship between these challenges to support the development of smart cities. Design/methodology/approach: Challenges were identified using literature review, and...

Trustworthiness of digital government services: deriving a comprehensive theory through interpretive structural modelling

Having its origin in public administration, trustworthiness is a significant concept in digital government research, influencing the relationships between citizens and governments. However, the interrelationships between the facets of trustworthiness are given inadequate attention. Therefore, the aim of this research was to develop a theory...

The Ionized Gas in Nearby Galaxies as Traced by the [NII] 122 and 205 um Transitions

The [NII] 122 and 205 um transitions are powerful tracers of the ionized gas in the ISM: (1) the [NII] 122/205 line ratio can be used to measure the electron density of the low-excitation, ionized gas, and (2) the intensity of these lines is directly related to the flux of ionizing photons, probing the most recent star formation activity. The...