Heinze, Christoph (author), Eyring, Veronika (author), Friedlingstein, Pierre (author), Jones, Colin (author), Balkanski, Yves (author), Collins, William (author), Fichefet, Thierry (author), Gao, Shuang (author), Siebesma, A.P. (author) Earth system models (ESMs) are key tools for providing climate projections under different scenarios of human-induced forcing. ESMs include a large number of additional processes and feedbacks such as biogeochemical cycles that traditional physical climate models do not consider. Yet, some processes such as cloud dynamics and ecosystem...
review 2019
