Process simulation development of a clean waste-to-energy conversion power plant: Thermodynamic and environmental assessment

Waste-to-energy (WTE) conversion technologies for generating renewable energy and solving the environmental problems have an important role in the development of sustainable circular economy. This paper presents a novel high-efficiency WTE power plant using refuse-derived fuel (RDF) as feedstock by integrating torrefaction (T) pretreatment...

Direct and continuous conversion of flue gas CO₂ into green fuels using dual function materials in a circulating fluidized bed system

Carbon capture and utilization (CCU) technologies, such as CO₂ methanation, generally require energy-intensive CO₂ capture and separation processes prior to catalytic CO₂ conversion. In contrast, integrated CO₂ capture and reduction (CCR) technologies that use dual function materials (DFM) can...

Combined capture and reduction of CO₂ to methanol using a dual-bed packed reactor

Recently, carbon capture and reduction (CCR) technology has gained interest to directly convert CO₂ to value-added products without requiring purification of CO₂ and its subsequent transportation. CCR to methanol in one dual function material (DFM) poses mechanistic and kinetic challenges. To counteract this, a process...

Towards retrofitting integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plants with solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) and CO₂ capture: A thermodynamic case study

This article presents a detailed thermodynamic case study based on the Willem-Alexander Centrale (WAC) power plant in the Netherlands towards retrofitting SOFCs in existing IGCC power plants with a focus on near future implementation. Two systems with high percentage (up to 70%) biomass co-gasification (based on previously validated steady...

Impact of fuel selection on the environmental performance of post-combustion calcium looping applied to a cement plant

Calcium looping CO₂ capture is a promising technology to reduce CO₂ emissions from cement production. Coal has been seen as a logical choice of fuel to drive the calcium looping process as coal is already the primary fuel used to produce cement. This study assesses the impact of using different fuels, namely coal,...

High performance mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) composed of ZIF-94 filler and 6FDA-DAM polymer

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) using membranes for the separation of CO₂ holds great promise for the reduction of atmospheric CO₂ emissions from fuel combustion and industrial processes. Among the different process outlines, post-combustion CO₂ capture could be easily implemented in existing power plants....

PBI mixed matrix hollow fiber membrane: Influence of ZIF-8 filler over H₂/CO₂ separation performance at high temperature and pressure

High performance and commercially attractive mixed-matrix membranes were developed for H₂/CO₂ separation via a scalable hollow fiber spinning process. Thin (~300 nm) and defect-free selective layers were successfully created with a uniform distribution of the nanosized (~60 nm) zeolitic-imidazole framework (ZIF-8) filler...

In-situ experimental investigation on the growth of aerosols along the absorption column in post combustion carbon capture

The amine-based post combustion carbon capture process is one of the most advanced and preferred technologies to reduce CO2 emissions from point sources like power plants. The emissions of amine from capture plants is one of the biggest challenges faced by this technology. These emissions typically occur by means of aerosol/mist formation. To...

Fouling management in oceanic carbon capture via in-situ electrochemical bipolar membrane electrodialysis

To assist reaching net-zero emissions, the dissolved carbon in the ocean can be extracted to enable an indirect air capture. An electrochemical bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BPMED) is a sustainable method for such capture. The BPMED enables a pH-swing that manipulates the oceanic carbonate-equilibrium using electricity. However, at...

Decarbonising Industry via BECCS: Promising Sectors, Challenges, and Techno-economic Limits of Negative Emissions

Purpose of Review: This paper reviews recent literature on the combined use of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) in the industries of steel, cement, paper, ethanol, and chemicals, focusing on estimates of potential costs and the possibility of achieving “negative emissions”. Recent Findings: Bioethanol is seen as a potential near...

Barriers and opportunities for the deployment of CO₂ electrolysis in net-zero emissions energy systems

As energy systems across the globe transition toward net-zero emissions, the decarbonization of hard-to-decarbonize sectors, e.g., industry and transportation, is becoming more crucial. Renewable power-driven carbon dioxide (CO₂) electrolysis has the potential to facilitate this transition by (1) substituting carbon-intensive...