On the Stability of Permanent Electrochemical Doping of Quantum Dot, Fullerene, and Conductive Polymer Films in Frozen Electrolytes for Use in Semiconductor Devices

Semiconductor films that allow facile ion transport can be electronically doped via electrochemistry, where the amount of injected charge can be controlled by the potential applied. To apply electrochemical doping to the design of semiconductor devices, the injected charge has to be stabilized to avoid unintentional relaxation back to the...