What Makes Farmers Follow the Standard? The Role of Regional Characteristics, Local Alternatives, and Policy Support in Non-State Market Driven Governance in the Arava, Israel

Supermarkets have become a major actor in driving a shift to more sustainable agricultural practices throughout the agri-food value chains, using certification schemes and other instruments known as non-state market driven (NSMD) governance. This paper explores what factors may affect farmers’ willingness to join such mechanism once it is in...

Constitutive model for wood based on continuum damage mechanics

Export, metal recovery and the mobile phone end-of-life ecosystem

Against a background of rapidly growing mobile phone consumption in developing and emerging economies, falling use times and looming metal scarcity, finding better ways to deal with end-of-life (EoL) phones is imperative. The current dynamic in which large numbers of EoL phones are exported from industrialized to developing and emerging...

Timber engineering; prospects for the future