Special issue on the dynamics and behaviours of pedestrian groups

In the study of pedestrian dynamics, the consideration of group behaviours is essential, as group interaction within crowds is a common phenomenon and significantly influences pedestrian behaviours. This special issue highlights the importance of pedestrian group behaviours and examines the subject using a wide range of methods, such as...

Influence of oxygen concentration on the metabolism of Penicillium chrysogenum

In large-scale bioreactors, there is often insufficient mixing and as a consequence, cells experience uneven substrate and oxygen levels that influence product formation. In this study, the influence of dissolved oxygen (DO) gradients on the primary and secondary metabolism of a high producing industrial strain of Penicillium chrysogenum was...

Carbon Dots Embedded in Cellulose Film: Programmable, Performance-Tunable, and Large-Scale Subtle Fluorescent Patterning by in Situ Laser Writing

Fluorescent patterns with multiple functions enable high-security anti-counterfeiting labels. Complex material synthesis and patterning processes limit the application of multifunctional fluorescent patterns, so the technology of in situ fluorescent patterning with tunable multimodal capabilities is becoming more necessary. In this work, an...

An experimental study of transonic buffet of a supercritical airfoil with trailing edge flap

A supercritical airfoil with a trailing edge flap has been the subject of aerodynamic investigation in the National Aeronautical Establishment's High Reynolds Number 2-D Test Facility. The effects of flap deflection on buffet intensities and delay of buffet onset at transonic speeds were studied. Buffet boundaries for various flap angles were...