Electrosurgical knife equipped with diffused reflectance spectroscopy sensing for tumor margin detection during breast conserving surgery: A phantom study

Distinguishing the diseased breast tissue from the healthy tissue is a sorely challenging task for the surgeons during breast conserving surgery (BCS) as both tissues own relatively similar visual and haptic characteristics. It has been shown that diffused reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) has the potential to be used as a real-time tumor margin...