Gesture in the eye of the beholder: An eye-tracking study on factors determining the attention for gestures produced by people with aphasia

Co-speech hand gestures are an ubiquitous form of nonverbal communication, which can express additional information that is not present in speech. Hand gestures may become more relevant when verbal production is impaired, as in speakers with post-stroke aphasia. In fact, speakers with aphasia produce more gestures than non-brain damaged speakers...

Effects of Multisine Signal Bandwidth on Eye Movement Dynamics

In the analysis of human motor skills, tracking tasks with multisine target signals are often performed as they allow for quantitative measurement, identification, and modeling of human control dynamics. In this paper, the same "cybernetic" approach is taken to analyze eye movement dynamics in gaze tracking tasks, where participants had to...

Situation awareness based on eye movements in relation to the task environment

The topic of situation awareness has received continuing interest over the last decades. Freeze-probe methods, such as the Situation Awareness Global Assessment Technique (SAGAT), are commonly employed for measuring situation awareness. The aim of this paper was to review validity issues of the SAGAT and examine whether eye movements are a...

Cyclists’ eye movements and crossing judgments at uncontrolled intersections: An eye-tracking study using animated video clips

Research indicates that crashes between a cyclist and a car often occur even when the cyclist must have seen the approaching car, suggesting the importance of hazard anticipation skills. This study aimed to analyze cyclists’ eye movements and crossing judgments while approaching an intersection at different speeds. Thirty-six participants...

Changes of driving performance and gaze behavior of novice drivers during a 30-min simulator-based training

Previous research has shown that novice drivers have underdeveloped vehicle control skills and visual search strategies that differ from those of experienced drivers. However, little is known about how novices’ driving performance and gaze behavior jointly change over the course of practice. In this paper, we investigated changes in driving...

Effects of adaptive cruise control and highly automated driving on workload and situation awareness: A review of the empirical evidence

Adaptive cruise control (ACC), a driver assistance system that controls longitudinal motion, has been introduced in consumer cars in 1995. A next milestone is highly automated driving (HAD), a system that automates both longitudinal and lateral motion. We investigated the effects of ACC and HAD on drivers’ workload and situation awareness...

An experimental analysis of human monitoring behavior in multivariable failure detection tasks

This report deals with the results of an experimental program designed to validate a model of the human observer and decision maker formulated in terms of linear estimation and classical sequential decision theory. The experiment comprised a variety of monitoring tasks in which the subjects had to detect and diagnose the occurrence of ramp...