Wave-Current Impact on Shear Stress Patterns around 3D Shallow Bedforms

Observations from wave basin experiments and wave-resolving numerical simulations demonstrate the effect of wave-current interaction on shear stress around a sandy mound. Observations from the wave basin show that the mound deformation rate and morphological patterns depend on the mixture of waves and currents in the incident flow conditions....

Modelling and parameterizing the hydro- and morphodynamics of curved open channels

Meandering rivers are interesting features of the landscape due to their aesthetically pleasing forms. There is an abundance of scientific studies on meandering rivers, however, their behaviour is still not fully understood. The complexity of the flow, bed morphodynamics and bank stability, the related uncertainties in water and sediment motion,...

Decelerating open-channel flow in a gradual expansion

The velocity and turbulence distributions of decelerating open-channel flow in a gradual expansion were measured using LDV equipment. The results show that the logarithmic law can describe the mean velocity in the bottom region well while the Coles’ law can be applied to the outer region. The shear velocity can be determined both by the...

Modelling Floodplain Biogeomorphology

Understanding the interactions between the ecosystem and the morphology of river floodplains, i.e. floodplain biogeomorphology, is becoming increasingly important in view of modern river management and climate change. There is a need for predictive models for the natural response of river floodplains to hydraulic measures and river...

Coarse particles' threshold of motion under shoaling waves

The threshold of motion of coarse particles under regular shoaling waves is studied. Experiments are performed to investigate the effects of bed fluid acceleration on coarse particle stability. By varying wave height, wave period and water depth, combinations of similar peak orbital velocities and weak to strong intra-wave accelerations were...

Streamline curvature and bed resistance in shallow water flow

The relationship between streamline curvature and bed resistance in shallow water flow with little side constraint, as derived in 1970 by H.J. Schoemaker, is reconsidered. Schoemaker concluded that the bed resistance causes the curvature of a free streamline to grow exponentially with the distance along this streamline, thus giving rise to a...

Shear-Stress and Sediment Distribution in a Meander Bend

A one-meter wide, meandering flume with movable sand bed was utilized in these experiments. Uniform flow was established at discharges of 20, 35, and 50 l/sec. Velocities near the bed, the distribution of sediment in transport, bed geometry, and strength of secondary flow were determined at each discharge . Bed shear stress was assumed to be...

Littoral drift computations on mutual wave and current influence

11th Conference on Coastal Engineering in London 1968, the author presented a method for computing the littoral drift starting from the longshore current velocity as this is generated by the waves and with the assumption that the material is stirred up by the waves. In this paper measurements in a model basin are described by which the procedure...

Anwendung der Aehnlichkeitsmechanik und der Turbulenzforschung auf die Geschiebebewegung

Ph.D thesis of Shields, original version in German. This document is the basis of all modern sediment transport formulae, and develops the concept of bed shear stress.

Application of similarity principles and turbulence research to bed-load movement

Translation of the Ph.D. thesis of A. Shields "Anwendung der Aehnlichkeitsmechanik und der Turbulenzforschung auf die Geschiebebewegung".