The effect of stray current on hardening and hardened cement-based materials

Stray current has become a main concern for many years due to its effect on (reinforced) concrete structures and underground infrastructures. It has been reported that stray current affects not only steel reinforcement embedded in concrete, but can also induce degradation of the cement-based matrix. Stray current causes an increase of...

Performance assessment of cement-based materials blended with micronized sand: Microstructure, durability and sustainability

Concrete is one of the most important construction materials in the world. However, Portland cement which is one of the constituents of concrete is responsible for about 5-10% of global CO2 emission. From sustainability point of view, therefore, it is important to search for materials which can be used to reduce or to replace Portland cement in...