29.3 A Cryo-CMOS Receiver with 15K Noise Temperature Achieving 9.8dB SNR in 10μs Integration Time for Spin Qubit Readout

Continuous rounds of quantum error correction (QEC) are essential to achieve faulttolerant quantum computers (QCs). In each QEC cycle, thousands of ancilla quantum bits (qubits) must be read out faster than the qubits' decoherence time (<<T2∗~120μs for spin qubits). To address this urgent need, several CMOS receivers operating at...

Cryogenic CMOS for Qubit Control and Readout

Quantum computers have been heralded as a novel paradigm for the solution of today's intractable problems, whereas the core principles of quantum computation are superposition, entanglement and interference, three fundamental properties of quantum mechanics [1]. A quantum computer generally comprises a quantum processor, made of an array of...

A 6-to-8GHz 0.17mW/Qubit Cryo-CMOS Receiver for Multiple Spin Qubit Readout in 40nm CMOS Technology

Quantum computers (QC) promise to solve certain computational problems exponentially faster than a classical computer due to the superposition and entanglement properties of quantum bits (qubits). Among several qubit technologies, spin qubits are a promising candidate for large-scale QC, since (1) they have a small footprint allowing them to...

CMOS-based cryogenic control of silicon quantum circuits

The most promising quantum algorithms require quantum processors that host millions of quantum bits when targeting practical applications¹. A key challenge towards large-scale quantum computation is the interconnect complexity. In current solid-state qubit implementations, an important interconnect bottleneck appears between the...

Cryo-CMOS interfaces for large-scale quantum computers

Cryogenic CMOS (cryo-CMOS) is a viable technology for the control interface of the large-scale quantum computers able to address non-trivial problems. In this paper, we demonstrate state-of-the-art cryo-CMOS circuits and systems for such application and we discuss the challenges still to be faced on the path towards practical quantum...

A Scalable Cryo-CMOS 2-to-20GHz Digitally Intensive Controller for 4×32 Frequency Multiplexed Spin Qubits/Transmons in 22nm FinFET Technology for Quantum Computers

Quantum computers (QC), comprising qubits and a classical controller, can provide exponential speed-up in solving certain problems. Among solid-state qubits, transmons and spin-qubits are the most promising, operating « 1K. A qubit can be implemented in a physical system with two distinct energy levels representing the |0) and |1) states, e.g...

A Scalable Cryo-CMOS Controller for the Wideband Frequency-Multiplexed Control of Spin Qubits and Transmons

Building a large-scale quantum computer requires the co-optimization of both the quantum bits (qubits) and their control electronics. By operating the CMOS control circuits at cryogenic temperatures (cryo-CMOS), and hence in close proximity to the cryogenic solid-state qubits, a compact quantum-computing system can be achieved, thus promising...

Impact of Classical Control Electronics on Qubit Fidelity

Quantum processors rely on classical electronic controllers to manipulate and read out the state of quantum bits (qubits). As the performance of the quantum processor improves, nonidealities in the classical controller can become the performance bottleneck for the whole quantum computer. To prevent such limitation, this paper presents a...