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Razmi Rad, S. (author), Farah, H. (author), Taale, Henk (author), van Arem, B. (author), Hoogendoorn, S.P. (author)Dedicated Lanes (DLs) have been proposed as a potential alternative for the deployment of Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) to facilitate platooning and increase motorway capacity. However, the impact of the presence and utilization policy of such a lane on drivers’ preference to use automation and their behaviour has not yet been...journal article 2024
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Oskina, M.I. (author), Farah, H. (author), Morsink, Peter (author), Happee, R. (author), van Arem, B. (author)The operation of automated vehicles (AVs) on shared roads requires attention concerning their interactions with vulnerable road users (VRUs), such as cyclists. This study investigates the safety of cyclists when they interact with an AV and compares it with their interaction with a conventional vehicle. Overall, 29 cyclists participated in a...journal article 2023
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Wang, Y. (author), Farah, H. (author), Yu, Rongjie (author), Qiu, Shuhan (author), van Arem, B. (author)Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are being introduced to the traffic system with the promise of improving current traffic status. However, the empirical data also indicate contrary effects with estimated higher crash rate and change of crash patterns. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the driving behavior of AVs and human-driven vehicles ...journal article 2023
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Dong, Y. (author), Patil, Sandeep (author), van Arem, B. (author), Farah, H. (author)Accurate and reliable lane detection is vital for the safe performance of lane-keeping assistance and lane departure warning systems. However, under certain challenging circumstances, it is difficult to get satisfactory performance in accurately detecting the lanes from one single image as mostly done in current literature. Since lane...journal article 2022
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Soni, Shubham (author), Reddy, N. (author), Tsapi, Anastasia (author), van Arem, B. (author), Farah, H. (author)Advancements in technology are bringing automated vehicles (AVs) closer to wider deployment. However, in the early phases of their deployment, AVs will coexist and frequently interact with human-driven vehicles (HDVs). These interactions might lead to changes in the driving behavior of HDVs. A field test was conducted in the Netherlands with...journal article 2022
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Nuñez Velasco, J.P. (author), Lee, Yee Mun (author), Uttley, Jim (author), Solernou, Albert (author), Farah, H. (author), van Arem, B. (author), Hagenzieker, Marjan (author), Merat, Natasha (author)The impact of automated vehicles (AV) on pedestrians’ crossing behavior has been the topic of some recent studies, but findings are still scarce and inconclusive. The aim of this study is to determine whether the drivers’ presence and apparent attentiveness in a vehicle influences pedestrians’ crossing behavior, perceived behavioral control,...journal article 2021
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Razmi Rad, S. (author), Farah, H. (author), Taale, Henk (author), van Arem, B. (author), Hoogendoorn, S.P. (author)Connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) are expected to enhance traffic efficiency by driving at shorter time headways, and traffic safety by shorter reaction times. However, one of the main concerns regarding their deployment is the mixed traffic situation, in which CAVs and manually driven vehicles (MVs) share the same road. This study...journal article 2021
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Nuñez Velasco, J.P. (author), de Vries, Anouk (author), Farah, H. (author), van Arem, B. (author), Hagenzieker, Marjan (author)Most of cyclists’ fatalities originate from collisions with motorized vehicles. It is expected that automated vehicles (AV) will be safer than human-driven vehicles, but this depends on the nature of interactions between non-automated road users, among them cyclists. Little research on the interactions between cyclists and AVs exists. This...journal article 2021
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Farah, H. (author), Bhusari, Shubham (author), van Gent, P. (author), Mullakkal-Babu, F.A. (author), Morsink, Peter (author), Happee, R. (author), van Arem, B. (author)Lower levels of automation are designed to work in specific conditions referred to as the Operational Design Domain (ODD). Beyond these conditions, the human driver is expected to take control. A mismatch between a driver's understanding and expectations of the automated vehicle capabilities and its actual capabilities as prescribed in the...journal article 2020
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Varotto, S.F. (author), Farah, H. (author), Bogenberger, Klaus (author), van Arem, B. (author), Hoogendoorn, S.P. (author)Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) can reduce traffic congestion and accidents. In dense traffic flow conditions and when changing lanes, drivers prefer to deactivate the ACC. These control transitions between automation and manual driving could impact driver behaviour characteristics. However, few studies have analysed the magnitude and duration of...journal article 2020
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Razmi Rad, S. (author), Farah, H. (author), Taale, Henk (author), van Arem, B. (author), Hoogendoorn, S.P. (author)Dedicated Lanes (DLs) have been proposed as a potential scenario for the deployment of Automated and/or Connected Vehicles (C/AVs) on the road network. However, evidence-based knowledge regarding the impacts of different design configurations, utilization policies, and the design of their access/egress on traffic safety and efficiency is...journal article 2020
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Reddy, N. (author), Farah, H. (author), Huang, Yilin (author), Dekker, Thijs (author), van Arem, B. (author)There is a pressing need for road authorities to take a proactive role in the deployment of automated vehicles on the existing road network. This requires a comprehensive understanding of the driving environment characteristics that affect the performance of automated vehicles. In this context, a field test with Lane Departure Warning (LDW) and...journal article 2020
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van Gent, P. (author), Farah, H. (author), Nes, Nicole Van (author), van Arem, B. (author)Traffic congestion is a major societal challenge. By advising drivers on the optimal lane to drive, traffic flow can be improved, and congestion reduced. In this paper we describe the development of a lane-specific advice Human Machine Interface (HMI). Persuading drivers to follow an advice that is beneficial to the traffic situation, but may...journal article 2020
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van Gent, P. (author), Farah, H. (author), van Nes, Nicole (author), van Arem, B. (author)Heart rate data are often collected in human factors studies, including those into vehicle automation. Advances in open hardware platforms and off-the-shelf photoplethysmogram (PPG) sensors allow the non-intrusive collection of heart rate data at very low cost. However, the signal is not trivial to analyse, since the morphology of PPG waveforms...journal article 2019
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Nuñez Velasco, J.P. (author), Farah, H. (author), van Arem, B. (author), Hagenzieker, Marjan (author)Partially and fully automated vehicles (AVs) are being developed and tested in different countries. These vehicles are being designed to reduce and ultimately eliminate the role of human drivers in the future. However, other road users, such as pedestrians and cyclists will still be present and would need to interact with these automated...journal article 2019
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van Gent, P. (author), Farah, H. (author), van Nes, N. (author), van Arem, B. (author)This paper describes the functioning and development of HeartPy: a heart rate analysis toolkit designed for photoplethysmogram (PPG) data. Most openly available algorithms focus on electrocardiogram (ECG) data, which has very different signal properties and morphology, creating a problem with analysis. ECG-based algorithms generally don’t...journal article 2019
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A Conceptual Model for Persuasive In-Vehicle Technology to Influence Tactical Level Driver Behaviourvan Gent, P. (author), Farah, H. (author), Nes, Nicole Van (author), van Arem, B. (author)Persuasive in-vehicle systems aim to intuitively influence the attitudes and/or behaviour of a driver (i.e. without forcing them). However, the challenge in using these systems in a driving setting, is to maximise the persuasive effect without infringing upon the driver's safety. This paper proposes a conceptual model for driver persuasion at...journal article 2019
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Varotto, S.F. (author), Farah, H. (author), Toledo, Tomer (author), van Arem, B. (author), Hoogendoorn, S.P. (author)Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) and automated vehicles can contribute to reduce traffic congestion and accidents. Recently, an on-road study has shown that drivers may prefer to deactivate full-range ACC when closing in on a slower leader and to overrule it by pressing the gas pedal a few seconds after the activation of the system. Notwithstanding...journal article 2018
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van Gent, P. (author), Melman, T. (author), Farah, H. (author), van Nes, Nicole (author), van Arem, B. (author)The present study aims to add to the literature on driver workload prediction using machine learning methods. The main aim is to develop workload prediction on a multi-level basis, rather than a binary high/low distinction as often found in literature. The presented approach relies on measures that can be obtained unobtrusively in the driving...journal article 2018
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Varotto, S.F. (author), Farah, H. (author), Toledo, Tomer (author), van Arem, B. (author), Hoogendoorn, S.P. (author)Automated vehicles and driving assistance systems such as adaptive cruise control (ACC) are expected to reduce traffic congestion, accidents, and levels of emissions. Field operational tests have found that drivers may prefer to deactivate ACC in dense traffic flow conditions and before changing lanes. Despite the potential effects of these...journal article 2017