Power Routing Strategy for an Offshore-Onshore Bipolar VSC-HVDC Interconnector

Distantly-located offshore energy hubs need to be connected to the shore via High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) links to allow for an efficient bulk power exchange. A bipolar configuration of the HVDC link is suitable for a point-to-point connection, as it provides redundancy, and, therefore, a larger reliability, e.g. half of the rated transfer...

A New Formulation for Optimal Tuning of Fast Frequency Support in Multi-Energy Systems

Power electronic dominated power systems formed nowadays are characterized by fast and frequent dynamics, limited short circuit support, low inertia conditions and lack of inertial support. Under these conditions, coping with active power imbalances in a power system may becomes a significant challenge for transmission system operators (TSOs)...

Hardware-in-the-loop based testing of wind turbine controllers for transient stability enhancement

Traditionally, electrical power systems have been based on fossil-fuel fired generation plants to satisfy the load demand. However, due to environmental targets for significant CO2 reduction, a gradual decommission of the aforementioned plants is observed whereas renewable energy sources are gaining gradually increasing momentum, which entails...

Optimal Tuning of Active Power Gradient Control for Frequency Support in Multi-Energy Systems

Coping with severe active power imbalances constitutes a challenging task in low inertia multi-energy systems. The phase out of the majority of conventional power plants with large size synchronous generators entails that power electronic interfaced devices should take over the primary task of active power balance-frequency control. In view of...

Real-time EMT Simulation Based Comparative Performance Analysis of Control Strategies for Wind Turbine Type 4 to Support Transient Stability

Power System Stability is a major domain of renewed interest for electrical power system researchers worldwide. Among the different stability classification domains, large disturbance rotor angle (transient) stability studies are of high concern due to the decommissioning of conventional power plants which leads to a dramatic decrease of inertia...

MVMO-based tuning of Active Power Gradient Control of VSC-HVDC links for Frequency Support

The active power gradient (APG) control of MMC-HVDC links can contribute to frequency support in AC networks affected by severe active power imbalances. This functionality is particularly convenient if the coupled AC systems (through MMC-HVDC) have similar levels of available inertia. This paper tackles the problem of determining the optimal...

Enhancement of Transient Stability in Power Systems with High Penetration Level of Wind Power Plants

Due to the power electronic converter based interface and maximum power control strategy, wind generators cannot directly respond to power system transients. This brings new challenges on power system transient stability. Taking wind turbine type 4 (WT4) as one example, this paper analyses its influence on transient stability with respect to...

Generic Model of PEM Fuel Cells and Performance Analysis in Frequency Containment Period in Systems with Decreased Inertia

The increase in renewable energy sources in addition to the decrease in conventional synchronous generators is leading to significant challenges for the power system operators to maintain generation load balance and to manage the system's decreasing inertia. Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells are characterised by high current density...

Integration of Power-to-Gas Conversion into Dutch Electrical Ancillary Services Markets

This paper investigates the viability of the integration of demand side response of large scale electrolyser facilities into electrical ancillary services markets. A review of the current structure and mechanisms of balancing markets, voltage control and congestion management in the Netherlands is presented, taking into consideration future...

PowerFactory-Python based assessment of frequency and transient stability in power systems dominated by power electronic interfaced generation

The deployment of variable renewable energy based power plants is increasing all over the world, however, unlike conventional power plants these are mostly connected to the grid via power electronic interfaces. High penetration of power electronic interfaced generation (PEIG) has an important impact on the inertia of the system, which is of...