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Grande, E. (author), Ragni, D. (author), Avallone, F. (author), Casalino, D. (author)This paper explains the presence and relevance of noise caused by a laminar separation bubble (LSB) on a propeller operating at low-Reynolds number. Microphone measurements of a propeller with both clean and forced boundary layer transition blades are carried out in an anechoic wind tunnel by varying the propeller advance ratio J from 0 to 0...conference paper 2022
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Rego, Leandro (author), Zamponi, R. (author), Ragni, D. (author), Avallone, F. (author), Casalino, D. (author), Cruellas Bordes, M. (author)An experimental investigation on jet-installation noise reduction with permeable flaps on an aircraft half-model is performed, focusing on the effects on the noise levels as well as on the aerodynamic properties of the model (lift and drag forces). A nozzle with an exit diameter = 113 mm is included for generating a single-stream jet flow in...conference paper 2022
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Grande, E. (author), Ragni, D. (author), Avallone, F. (author), Casalino, D. (author)This paper explains the presence and relevance of noise caused by a laminar separation bubble (LSB) on a propeller operating at a low Reynolds number. Microphone measurements of a propeller with both clean and forced boundary-layer transition blades are carried out in an anechoic wind tunnel by varying the propeller advance ratio J from 0 to 0.6...journal article 2022
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Candeloro, Paolo (author), Ragni, D. (author), Pagliaroli, Tiziano (author)In the last decade, the drone market has grown rapidly for both civil and military purposes. Due to their versatility, the demand for drones is constantly increasing, with several industrial players joining the venture to transfer urban mobility to the air. This has exacerbated the problem of noise pollution, mainly due to the relatively lower...journal article 2022
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Gutiérrez, R. (author), Llorente, E. (author), Ragni, D. (author)The mid-span region of wind turbine blades can be thickened to fulfil the structural requirements of the blade. Hence, thick airfoils, that were designed to operate at the root region of the blade, are moved to the mid-span region. This could not imply remarkable variations of the blade performance once its surface is smooth. However, the...journal article 2022
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Gondrum, M. (author), Niemöller, A. (author), Meinke, M. (author), Schröder, W. (author), Rubio Carpio, A. (author), Ragni, D. (author), Avallone, F. (author)The time resolved flow and acoustic fields around a simplified two-wheel nose landing gear configuration featuring brakes, torque link, and a detachable fairing are investigated by numerical and experimental means. The flow field is computed by a lattice Boltzmann method with a collision step based on countable cumulants. Numerical near field...conference paper 2022
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Rego, Leandro (author), Avallone, F. (author), Ragni, D. (author), Casalino, D. (author)This paper investigates the mechanisms by which flow-permeable materials provide noise reduction in an installed jet configuration. Numerical simulations are carried out with a flat plate placed in the near field of a single-stream subsonic jet (M<sub>a</sub>=0.3 and M<sub>a</sub>=0.5). The trailing-edge region of the plate is replaced by...journal article 2022
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Fiscaletti, D. (author), Ragni, D. (author), Overmars, E.F.J. (author), Westerweel, J. (author), Elsinga, G.E. (author)The small scales of turbulence in a high-Reynolds-number jet (R e λ≈ 350) are investigated with a µPIV setup to overcome the optical limitations of conventional tomographic PIV setups. With the aim of validating the performances of tomographic long-distance µPIV, analyses are carried out involving statistical aspects of the small scales of...journal article 2022
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Yunus, F. (author), Grande, E. (author), Casalino, D. (author), Avallone, F. (author), Ragni, D. (author)A noise footprint prediction framework for propeller-driven aircraft which couples an aerodynamic model and several aeroacoustic models is presented in this study. The aerodynamic model is based on the blade element momentum theory, while the aeroacoustic models are based on a time-domain compact dipole/monopole Ffowcs-Williams and Hawking's...journal article 2022
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Zoppini, G. (author), Westerbeek, S.H.J. (author), Ragni, D. (author), Kotsonis, M. (author)The effect of discrete roughness elements on the development and breakdown of stationary crossflow instability on a swept wing is explored. Receptivity to various element heights and chordwise locations is explored using a combination of experimental and theoretical tools. Forcing configurations, determined based on linear stability...journal article 2022
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Lima Pereira, L.T. (author), Avallone, F. (author), Ragni, D. (author), Scarano, F. (author)A physical description of the flow mechanisms that govern the distribution of the wall-pressure fluctuations over the surface of a serrated trailing edge is proposed. Three main mechanisms that define the variation of turbulent pressure fluctuations across the serrated edge are discussed and semi-empirical models are formulated accordingly....journal article 2022
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Zoppini, G. (author), Ragni, D. (author), Kotsonis, M. (author)The present work is dedicated to the investigation of the effect of an isolated roughness element on a swept wing boundary layer. In particular, the flow modifications incurred by a single cylindrical element applied on a swept wing model are measured, toward describing the nature of the perturbations introduced in the flow field, their...journal article 2022
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Nederlof, R. (author), Ragni, D. (author), Sinnige, T. (author)The use of electric motors enables a more flexible operation of propellers compared to conventional combustion engines. One possible benefit is the easier operation at negative thrust, which could be beneficial for energy recovery, control purposes, and lower noise through steeper descents. By changing the pitch of the propellers and actively...conference paper 2022
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Dekker, H.N.J. (author), Ragni, D. (author), Baars, W.J. (author), Scarano, F. (author), Tuinstra, Marthijn (author)An experimental investigation is conducted to study the aerodynamic behavior of a two-rotor system in ground proximity. The counter-rotating rotors are placed side-by-side in the hovering condition. The time-averaged and unsteady flow behavior is studied when the rotor-to-rotor lateral distance and the distance between the rotors and the...journal article 2022
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Zoppini, G. (author), Michelis, Theodorus (author), Ragni, D. (author), Kotsonis, M. (author)The presented work introduces a cancellation technique, based on the linear superposition of stationary crossflow instabilities (CFIs) through the application of a streamwise series of optimally positioned discrete roughness element (DRE) arrays on a swept wing surface. The DRE arrays are designed and arranged with suitable amplitude and...journal article 2022
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Lima Pereira, L.T. (author), Ragni, D. (author), Avallone, F. (author), Scarano, F. (author)The impact of aerodynamic loading on a serrated trailing edge is studied experimentally. Aerodynamic and acoustic measurements are conducted on a sawtooth-shaped trailing edge, retrofitted to a flat plate featuring a trailing-edge flap, and placed at incidence to the free-stream flow. The turbulent flow across the trailing edge is inspected...journal article 2022
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Mourão Bento, H.F. (author), VanDercreek, Colin (author), Avallone, F. (author), Ragni, D. (author), Snellen, M. (author)Microphone measurements in a closed test section wind tunnel are affected by turbulent boundary layer (TBL) pressure fluctuations. These fluctuations are mitigated by placing the microphones at the bottom of cavities, usually covered with a thin, acoustically transparent material. Prior experiments showed that the cavity geometry affects the...journal article 2022
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VanDercreek, Colin (author), Avallone, F. (author), Ragni, D. (author), Snellen, M. (author)Cavities placed along wind tunnel walls can attenuate the turbulent boundary layer (TBL) fluctuations as they propagate into the cavity. Placing microphones within the cavities can thus improve the signal-to-noise ratio of acoustic data. However, standing waves form within these cavities distorting the acoustic measurements. This work uses a...journal article 2022
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Measurement techniques for aeroacoustics: From aerodynamic comparisons to aeroacoustic assimilationsRagni, D. (author), Avallone, F. (author), Casalino, D. (author)Sustainability has encouraged studies focusing on lowering the aeroacoustic impact of new aerodynamically optimized mechanical systems for several applications in wind-energy, aviation, automotive and urban air-mobility. The deployment of effective noise-reduction strategies starts with a deep understanding of the underlying mechanisms of...review 2022
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Ragni, D. (author), Fiscaletti, D. (author), Baars, W.J. (author)Abstract: This work combines the latest advancements in time marching of 3D vector fields from tomographic particle image velocimetry, with an adapted version of Lighthill’s formulation, for the prediction of far-field jet noise. Three-dimensional velocity vector fields of the jet flow are first reconstructed from a tomographic volume of 4× 3...journal article 2022