Intra-annual rainfall variability control on interannual variability of catchment water balance: A stochastic analysis

We evaluate the extent to which within-year rainfall variability controls interannual variability of catchment water balance. To this end, we analytically derive the probability density function of the annual Budyko evaporation index, B (i.e., the ratio of annual actual evapotranspiration to annual precipitation), by accounting for the...

Finite-difference modeling experiments for seismic interferometry

In passive seismic interferometry, new reflection data can be retrieved by crosscorrelating recorded noise data. The quality of the retrieved reflection data is, among others, dependent on the duration and number of passive sources present during the recording time, the source distribution, and the source strength. To investigate these relations...

Object Oriented Modeling: A method for combining model and software development

When requirements for a new model cannot be met by available modeling software, new software can be developed for a specific model. Methods for the development of both model and software exist, but a method for combined development has not been found. A compatible way of thinking is required to combine modeling and software development into a...

Experimental and theoretical analysis of vacuum circuit breaker prestrike effect on a transformer

The work presented in this paper deals with the investigation of circuit breaker prestrike effect that occurs during energizing a distribution transformer. An experimental test setup that consists of a supply transformer, a vacuum circuit breaker (VCB), a cable and a test transformer is built, and the prestrikes in the VCB are recorded. The test...

A Multivariate Correlation Analysis of High- Frequency Bottom Backscattering Strength Measurements With Geotechnical Parameters

Sound backscattered from the seabed has been measured in a 10x10-nmi2 region of the North Sea, characterized by a variety of bottom types, including mud, sand, and gravel. The backscattering strength measurements are made by a forward- looking sonar, operating at 100 kHz and tilted at an angle of 30 from the horizontal. Fifty bottom-grab samples...

Factors influencing the residence time of catchment waters: A virtual experiment approach

Estimates of mean residence time (MRT) are increasingly used as simple summary descriptors of the hydrological processes involving storage and mixing of water within catchment systems. Current understanding of the physical controls on MRT remains limited, and various hypotheses have been proposed to explain its variability between catchments. We...