Error propagation in the computation of volumes in 3D city models with the Monte Carlo method

This paper describes the analysis of the propagation of positional uncertainty in 3D city models to the uncertainty in the computation of their volumes. Current work related to error propagation in GIS is limited to 2D data and 2D GIS operations, especially of rasters. In this research we have (1) developed two engines, one that generates random...

Formalisation of the level of detail in 3D city modelling

The level of detail in 3D city modelling, despite its usefulness and importance, is still an ambiguous and undefined term. It is used for the communication of how thoroughly real-world features have been acquired and modelled, as we demonstrate in this paper. Its definitions vary greatly between practitioners, standards and institutions. We...

3D-GEM: Geo-technical extension towards an integrated 3D information model for infrastructural development

In infrastructural projects, communication as well as information exchange and (re-)use in and between involved parties is difficult. Mainly this is caused by a lack of information harmonisation. Various specialists are working together on the development of an infrastructural project and all use their own specific software and definitions for...

Exploring the processes of generating LOD (0-2) CityGML models in greater municipality of Istanbul

3D models of cities, visualised and exploded in 3D virtual environments have been available for several years. Currently a large number of impressive realistic 3D models have been regularly presented at scientific, professional and commercial events. One of the most promising developments is OGC standard CityGML. CityGML is object-oriented model...

Approaches of national 3D mapping: Research results and standardisation in practice

Over the past ten years technologies for generating, maintaining and using 3D geo-information have matured. For national mapping agencies one of the challenges is how to best extend 2D data into 3D data, making best use of research results and available technologies. Some mapping organisations are making serious progress. The question addressed...

Semantic annotation of existing geo-datasets: A case study of disaster response in Netherlands

Use of relevant geo-information is one of the important issues for performing different tasks and processes in disaster response phase. In order to save time and cost, services could be employed for integrating and extracting relevant up-to-date geo-information. For this purpose, semantics of geo-information should be explicitly defined. This...

Advancing Open 3D Modelling Standards in National Spatial Information Policy

Individuals and organisations around the world - facing extraordinary challenges and new opportunities - are together engaged in numerous projects, involving natural and built environments. Spatial information policy is at the heart of these projects. The information technologies available enable individuals to observe, measure, describe, map...

The possibilities of using CityGML for 3D representation of buildings in the cadastre

The main objective of the paper is to elaborate the possibilities of applying CityGML for cadastral purposes, drawing particular attention to the three-dimensional representation of buildings. Technical realization of the issue is executed at the conceptual level by integration the Land Administration Domain Model, officially published as an...

A 3D model for geo-information in the Netherlands

This paper presents the work in progress of a research project that aims at establishing a reference model for 3D geo-information in the Netherlands. The research project is initiated by four national organizations: 1) Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment, 2) Kadaster, 3) Geonovum, and 4) the Netherlands Geodetic Commission....

Selecting 3D urban visualisation models for disaster management: Fethiye tsunami inundation case

Urban 3D visualisation rarely considers integrated data visualisation in disaster management. In general, such methods should incorporate interoperable approaches and data to avoid duplicating efforts and to reduce costs. To achieve such interoperability, it is important to investigate the link between the types of potential hazards and the...

Toposcopy: A modelling tool for CITYGML

The new 3D standard CityGML has been attracting a lot of attention in the last few years. Many characteristics of the XML-based format make it suitable for storage and exchange of virtual 3D city models. It provides possibilities to store semantic and geometric information and has the potential to incorporate topological models. A large number...