Worst case gust shapes for atmospheric turbulence with known spectrum

A worst case gust shape has been derived for turbulence or gust patches, assuming only that the average spectrum of such patches is known. The maximum value of the response can be calculated quite easily. The result differs from the PSD-method. Some examples of worst case inputs and outputs are given, also for nonlinear systems.

Definition of P.S.D.-design loads for nonlinear aircraft

The Power Spectral Density (P.S.D.)-method is used to define design loads due to atmospheric turbulence. The design loads are calculated using linear transfer functions. These methods can not be used if the equations describing the behaviour of the aircraft are nonlinear. One method to define design loads for a nonlinear aircraft is by means of...