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Blommaert, M.A. (author), Aili, David (author), Tufa, Ramato Ashu (author), Li, Qingfeng (author), Smith, W.A. (author), Vermaas, D.A. (author)Bipolar membranes (BPMs) are gaining interest in energy conversion technologies. These membranes are composed of cation- and anion-exchange layers, with an interfacial layer in between. This gives the freedom to operate in different conditions (pH, concentration, composition) at both sides. Such membranes are used in two operational modes,...review 2021
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Smith, C.S. (author), Slotman, Johan A. (author), Schermelleh, Lothar (author), Chakrova, N. (author), Hari, S. (author), Vos, Y. (author), Hagen, C.W. (author), Houtsmuller, A.B. (author), Hoogenboom, J.P. (author), Stallinga, S. (author)Super-resolution structured illumination microscopy (SIM) has become a widely used method for biological imaging. Standard reconstruction algorithms, however, are prone to generate noise-specific artifacts that limit their applicability for lower signal-to-noise data. Here we present a physically realistic noise model that explains the...journal article 2021
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Ocadiz flores, J.A. (author), Rooijakkers, B.A.S. (author), Konings, R. (author), Smith, A.L. (author)The ACl-ThCl (Formula presented.) (A = Li, Na, K) systems could be of relevance to the nuclear industry in the near future. A thermodynamic investigation of the three binary systems is presented herein. The excess Gibbs energy of the liquid solutions is described using the quasi-chemical formalism in the quadruplet approximation. The phase...journal article 2021
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Smith, Marcus (author), Miller, S.R.M. (author)This book undertakes a multifaceted and integrated examination of biometric identification, including the current state of the technology, how it is being used, the key ethical issues, and the implications for law and regulation. The five chapters examine the main forms of contemporary biometrics–fingerprint recognition, facial recognition and...book 2021
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Kleinherenbrink, M. (author), Smith, Walter H.F. (author), Naeije, M.C. (author), Slobbe, D.C. (author), Hoogeboom, P. (author)We investigated the sensitivity of fully focused SAR (FF-SAR) processing of Cryosat-2 altimeter data to Earth rotation. Earth’s rotation causes scatterers at varying cross-track locations to have a different relative velocity with respect to the satellite. This second-order effect of Earth rotation on the phase is currently not corrected for...journal article 2020
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Bae, D. (author), Faasse, Richard (author), Smith, W.A. (author)Achieving high current densities without thermal performance degradation at high temperatures is one of the main challenges for enhancing the competitiveness of photo-electrochemical energy storage systems. We describe a system that overcomes this challenge by incorporating an integrated photoelectrode with a redox flow cell, which functions...journal article 2020
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Kleinherenbrink, M. (author), Naeije, M.C. (author), Slobbe, D.C. (author), Egido, Alejandro (author), Smith, Walter (author)This paper applies the Fully-Focussed SAR (FF-SAR) algorithm to CryoSat-2 full-bit-rate data to measure water levels of lakes and canals in the Netherlands, and validates these measurements by comparing them to heights measured by gauges. Over Lake IJssel, a medium-sized lake, the FF-SAR height is biased about 6 cm below the gauge height, and...journal article 2020
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Fromentèze, Thomas (author), Yurduseven, Okan (author), Berland, Fabien (author), Decroze, Cyril (author), Smith, David R. (author), Yarovoy, Alexander (author)In this paper, we describe the recent development of new algorithms applied to short-range radar imaging. Facing the limitations of classical backpropagation algorithms, the use of techniques based on Fast Fourier Transforms has led to substantial image computation accelerations, especially for Multiple-Input Multiple-Output systems. The...journal article 2020
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Nesbitt, Nathan T. (author), Burdyny, T.E. (author), Salvatore, Danielle (author), Bohra, D. (author), Kas, Recep (author), Smith, W.A. (author)Electrochemical CO2 electrolysis to produce hydrocarbon fuels or material feedstocks offers a renewable alternative to fossilized carbon sources. Gas-diffusion electrodes (GDEs), composed of solid electrocatalysts on porous supports positioned near the interface of a conducting electrolyte and CO2 gas, have been able to demonstrate the...journal article 2020
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Ocadiz flores, J.A. (author), Carré, E. (author), Griveau, J. C. (author), Colineau, E. (author), Capelli, E. (author), Souček, P. (author), Beneš, O. (author), Smith, A.L. (author)A thermodynamic assessment of the KF-ThF<sub>4</sub> binary system using the CALPHAD method is presented, where the liquid solution is described by the modified quasichemical formalism in the quadruplet approximation. The optimization of the phase diagram is based on experimental data reported in the literature and newly measured X-ray...journal article 2020
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Vos, Johannes G. (author), Venugopal, A. (author), Smith, W.A. (author), Koper, Marc T.M. (author)Hydrogen production from seawater electrolysis is highly promising for the capture and storage of intermittent renewable energy, but is hindered by the possibility of unwanted reactions at the anode. The oxidation reactions of chloride and (to a lesser extent) bromide, which can occur in parallel to the evolution of oxygen, lead to...journal article 2020
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Kauric, Guilhem (author), Epifano, E. (author), Martin, Philippe M. (author), van Eijck, L. (author), Bouëxière, Daniel (author), Clavier, Nicolas (author), Guéneau, Christine (author), Smith, A.L. (author)Neutron diffraction, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and Raman spectroscopy measurements of the quaternary perovskite phase Ba<sub>2</sub>NaMoO<sub>5.5</sub> have been performed in this work. The cubic crystal structure in space group Fm3&macr; m has been refined using the Rietveld method. X-ray absorption near-edge structure...journal article 2020
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Smith, Kathleen Beth (author), Wehrli, Monika (author), Japaridze, A. (author), Assenza, Salvatore (author), Dekker, C. (author), Mezzenga, Raffaele (author)The fine interplay between the simultaneous stretching and confinement of amyloid fibrils is probed by combining a microcapillary setup with atomic force microscopy. Single-molecule statistics reveal how the stretching of fibrils changed from force to confinement dominated at different length scales. System order, however, is solely ruled by...journal article 2020
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Kas, R. (author), Yang, K. (author), Bohra, D. (author), Kortlever, R. (author), Burdyny, T.E. (author), Smith, W.A. (author)Electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> reduction has received an increased amount of interest in the last decade as a promising avenue for storing renewable electricity in chemical bonds. Despite considerable progress on catalyst performance using nanostructured electrodes, the sensitivity of the reaction to process conditions has led to debate on...review 2020
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Bae, D. (author), Kanellos, Gerasimos (author), Wedege, Kristina (author), Dražević, Emil (author), Bentien, Anders (author), Smith, W.A. (author)MoOX is commonly considered to be a high work-function semiconductor. From x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and photoelectrochemical analysis, it is shown that MoOX can be considered as an effective hole transfer layer for the GaP-based device. Specifically, in the absence of carbon contamination using an ion beam cleaning step, the oxygen...journal article 2020
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Vos, Johannes G. (author), Venugopal, A. (author), Smith, W.A. (author), Koper, Marc T.M. (author)During hydrogen production for (renewable) energy storage, direct seawater electrolysis offers several notable advantages over freshwater electrolysis. Unfortunately, it is also hindered by possible oxidation reactions of chloride and (to a lesser extent) bromide, which can occur in parallel to the evolution of oxygen and form harmful by...journal article 2020
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De Gregorio, Gian Luca (author), Burdyny, T.E. (author), Loiudice, Anna (author), Iyengar, Pranit (author), Smith, W.A. (author), Buonsanti, Raffaella (author)Despite substantial progress in the electrochemical conversion of CO<sub>2</sub> into value-added chemicals, the translation of fundamental studies into commercially relevant conditions requires additional efforts. Here, we study the catalytic properties of tailored Cu nanocatalysts under commercially relevant current densities in a gas-fed...journal article 2020
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Pozzi, P. (author), Smith, C.S. (author), Carroll, E.C.M. (author), Wilding, D. (author), Soloviev, O.A. (author), Booth, Martin (author), Vdovin, Gleb (author), Verhaegen, M.H.G. (author)Inhomogeneities in the refractive index of a biological microscopy sample can introduce phase aberrations, severely impairing the quality of images. Adaptive optics can be employed to correct for phase aberrations and improve image quality. However, conventional adaptive optics can only correct a single phase aberration for the whole field of...journal article 2020
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Guéneau, C. (author), Dupin, N. (author), Kjellqvist, L. (author), Geiger, E. (author), Kurata, M. (author), Gossé, S. (author), Corcoran, E. (author), Quaini, A. (author), Smith, A.L. (author)The Thermodynamics of Advanced Fuels – International Database (TAF-ID) was developed using the Calphad method to provide a computational tool to perform thermodynamic calculations on nuclear fuel materials under normal and off-normal conditions. Different kinds of fuels are considered: oxide, metallic, carbide and nitride fuels. Many fission...journal article 2020
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Epifano, E. (author), Volfi, Andrea (author), Abbink, Maas (author), Nieuwland, Hendrik (author), van Eijck, L. (author), Wallez, Gilles (author), Banerjee, Dipanjan (author), Martin, Philippe M. (author), Smith, A.L. (author)The formation of a thin layer, the so-called Joint Oxyde-Gaine (JOG), between the (U,Pu)O2 fuel pellets and the cladding has been observed in fast neutron reactors, due to the accumulation of volatile fission products. Cs2MoO4 is known to be one of the major components of the JOG, but other elements are also present, in particular tellurium...journal article 2020