Autonomous Oosterwold: Exploring the land-use, environmental impact and environmental risks of local essential service provision on different levels of autonomy

Essential service systems, such as energy provision and wastewater treatment, are important elements within spatial planning as they cater the most fundamental needs of the built environment. The recent rise in decentralized or local systems compared to the common centralized approach have left spatial planners with a dilemma: on which scale...

Food Island: Creating a Resilient Food System for the AMA

Governments and private and non-profit organisations from international to local levels have acknowledged the idea that more sustainable systems are required to reduce our ecological footprint (WWF, 2016, Jonkhoff, 2012). The food system is a very important aspect within our lives, socially as well as economically but it is also one of the most...