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Vitalis, S. (author), Arroyo Ohori, G.A.K. (author), Stoter, J.E. (author)3D city models are being extensively used in applications such as evacuation scenarios and energy consumption estimation. The main standard for 3D city models is the CityGML data model which can be encoded through the CityJSON data format. CityGML and CityJSON use polygonal modelling in order to represent geometries. True topological data...journal article 2019
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Kumar, Kavisha (author), Labetski, A. (author), Arroyo Ohori, G.A.K. (author), Ledoux, H. (author), Stoter, J.E. (author)LandInfra is a relatively new open standard for modelling and representing land and infrastructure features. As it overlaps with other open standards in BIM (IFC) and 3D GIS (CityGML), it has been recognised as a potential candidate to bridge the gap between the two domains. However, the knowledge of this standard in both communities is low, and...journal article 2019
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Ceccarelli, Giulia (author), de Jongh, Wessel (author), Lánský, Imke (author), Li, Jinglan (author), Mastorakis, Konstantinos (author), Teeuwisse, Sander (author), Peters, R.Y. (author), Garcia Sanchez, C. (author), Stoter, J.E. (author)Eerder publiceerden we in Geo-Info over onze methode om 3D-data zoals nodig in geluidsimulaties automatisch te genereren uit landsdekkende gegevens zoals BAG, BGT en hoogtepunten [1]. Deze geluidsimulaties zijn gebaseerd op gestandaardiseerde rekenvoorschriften voor geluids- belasting. Ook het berekenen van de luchtkwaliteit ten gevolge van...journal article 2019
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Dukai, B. (author), Ledoux, H. (author), Stoter, J.E. (author)The 3D representation of buildings with roof shapes (also called LoD2) is popular in the 3D city modelling domain since it provides a realistic view of 3D city models. However, for many application block models of buildings are sufficient or even more suitable. These so called LoD1 models can be reconstructed relatively easily from building...journal article 2019
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Vitalis, S. (author), Labetski, A. (author), Arroyo Ohori, G.A.K. (author), Ledoux, H. (author), Stoter, J.E. (author)A 3D city model should be constantly updated with new versions, either to reflect the changes in its real-world counterpart, or to improve and correct parts of the model. However, the current standards for 3D city models do not support versioning, and existing version control systems do not work well with 3D city models. In this paper, we...journal article 2019
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Stoter, J.E. (author), Ho, Serene (author), Biljecki, Filip (author)A significant number of studies has been carried out to establish 3D cadastre solutions to improve the registration of multi-level property. Since the inception of research on 3D cadastres (about 20 years ago), the world around us has changed significantly and this also partly changes the context regarding 3D cadastre: technology (e.g....journal article 2019
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Stoter, J.E. (author), Ledoux, H. (author), Penninga, F. (author), van den Brink, L.E. (author), Reuvers, M. (author), Vermeij, Maarten (author), Wiersma, M.G. (author)In this paper we present an open and flexible approach for the standardisation of 3D geographical data, describing our physical environment in such a way that it can serve different applications. The aim of our approach is to keep the standard as simple as possible so that implementation in different software is straightforward and the reuse of...journal article 2019
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Kumar, Kavisha (author), Labetski, A. (author), Ledoux, H. (author), Stoter, J.E. (author)The Level of Detail (LOD) concept in CityGML 2.0 is meant to differentiate the multiple representations of semantic 3D city models. Despite the popularity and general acceptance of the concept by the practitioners and stakeholders in 3D city modelling, there are still some limitations. While the CityGML LOD concept is well defined for buildings,...journal article 2019
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Kumar, Kavisha (author), Labetski, A. (author), Agugiaro, G. (author), Stoter, J.E. (author)GIS has become an important part of many disciplines and supports a vast range of applications. It is used everywhere, from agriculture to public health care. Furthermore, with the advances in technologies, the availability of GIS data and software support has grown exponentially. In this paper, we present the results of our international survey...journal article 2019
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Labetski, A. (author), Kumar, Kavisha (author), Ledoux, H. (author), Stoter, J.E. (author)While there exist international standards for geospatial metadata (ISO 19115), these are rarely used in practice for 3D datasets, and one of the OGC standards for 3D city models, CityGML, does not offer a mechanism to store metadata in a structured way. Having metadata in CityGML files, which are in practice often very large and complex, would...journal article 2018
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Labetski, A. (author), van Gerwen, Stefan (author), Tamminga, G.F. (author), Ledoux, H. (author), Stoter, J.E. (author)CityGML, an OGC standard, is an open data model for virtual 3D city models and includes buildings, roads, terrain, water bodies, etc. While many modules are well-developed (eg buildings, bridges, tunnels), the transportation model is, based on our consultations with various government agencies and municipalities, not sufficient for most...conference paper 2018
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Kumar, Kavisha (author), Ledoux, H. (author), Stoter, J.E. (author)In this paper, we review state of the art 3D visualization technologies for floods and we focus on the Netherlands since it has a long history of dealing with floods and developing information technology solutions to prevent and predict them. We discuss the most recent advances in using 3D city models for modelling floods and discuss future...conference paper 2018
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Vitalis, S. (author), Arroyo Ohori, G.A.K. (author), Stoter, J.E. (author)3D city models are being increasingly adopted by organisations in order to serve application needs related to urban areas. In order to fulfil the different requirements of various applications, the concept of Level of Detail (LoD) has been incorporated in 3D city models specifications, such as CityGML. Therefore, datasets of different LoDs are...conference paper 2018
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Arroyo Ohori, G.A.K. (author), Diakite, A.A. (author), Krijnen, Thomas (author), Ledoux, H. (author), Stoter, J.E. (author)It is widely acknowledged that the integration of BIM and GIS data is a crucial step forward for future 3D city modelling, but most of the research conducted so far has covered only the high-level and semantic aspects of GIS-BIM integration. This paper presents the results of the GeoBIM project, which tackled three integration problems focussing...journal article 2018
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Ho, Serene (author), Crompvoets, Joep (author), Stoter, J.E. (author)Intensifying and increasingly complex physical developments under, on, and above ground, as well as the speed and accessibility of digital innovation, is resulting in growing interest in public sector investment in 3D geo-information. In Europe, a consortium of 11 public mapping agencies (PMAs) recently undertook a cost-benefit analysis for...journal article 2018
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Stoter, Stein K.F. (author), Turteltaub, S.R. (author), Hulshoff, S.J. (author), Schillinger, Dominik (author)We develop the general form of the variational multiscale method in a discontinuous Galerkin framework. Our method is based on the decomposition of the true solution into discontinuous coarse-scale and discontinuous fine-scale parts. The obtained coarse-scale weak formulation includes two types of fine-scale contributions. The first type...journal article 2018
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Ellul, Claire (author), Stoter, J.E. (author), Harrie, Lars (author), Shariat, Masoome (author), Behan, Avril (author), Pla, Maria (author)In both the Geographic Information (Geo) and Building Information Modelling (BIM) domains, it is widely acknowledged that the integration of data from both domains is beneficial and a crucial step in facing the multi-disciplinary challenges of our built environment. The result of this integration – which can broadly be termed GeoBIM –could...conference paper 2018
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Dukai, B. (author), Ledoux, H. (author), Stoter, J.E. (author)Het representeren van gebouwen met dakvormen (ook wel LoD2 genoemd) is populair bij 3D-modellering van de leefomgeving, omdat dit een realistische beleving geeft. Maar voor veel 3D-data toepassingen zijn simpele blokmodellen van gebouwen meer geschikt. Deze zogenaamde LoD1-modellen kunnen relatief eenvoudig worden gegenereerd vanuit data die...journal article 2018
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Stoter, J.E. (author), Dukai, B. (author)Different urban issues urgently request up-to-date, valid, accurate, suitable, error-free 3D data of the living environment. A dynamic, virtual copy of cities, landscape, and buildings enables to continuously monitor what is happening in reality and evaluate different scenarios through simulation. These simulations help address issues like...journal article 2018
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Stoter, J.E. (author), Arroyo Ohori, G.A.K. (author), Ledoux, H. (author)The boundary between geo and BIM is getting fuzzy, but working with IFC models from practice shows that converting BIM data in a format useful in GIS and vice versa is still far from straightforward.journal article 2018