Investigation on effect of time dependent surface chloride concentration on apparent average chloride diffusion coefficient in concrete

The error function solution of Fick’s second law assumes the constant surface chloride concentration, when it is used to calculate the apparent average chloride diffusion coefficient in concrete during the exposure period. However, the surface chloride concentration in concrete often vary with time. The purpose of this study is to investigate...

Does Adversity Affect Long-Term Consumption and Financial Behaviour?: Evidence from China’s Rustication Programme

In this paper I examine the long-term consequences of adversity on consumption and financial behaviour, using the largest forced migration experiment in history. From 1966 to 1978, 17 million urban youths in China, mostly junior or senior high school graduates, were sent to the countryside to do farm work for an average of three to four years...

A Preliminary Study on the Comprehensive Evaluation of the Disaster Prevention System of Large Urban Underground Space

The original urban planning can never meet the requirements of the rapid development and the increasing population in big cities in China. The best way to solve this problem is to develop the underground space (including tunnels). With the exhaustion and saturation of the shallow underground space, the development of urban area is more and more...

Characterization of distributed damage and self-healing in cementitous materials based on time-dependent 3-D x-ray computed microtomography (Micro-CT)

Concrete cracking is inevitable, and can be the result of one or a combination of factors such as dry shrinkage, thermal contraction, fatigue, and embedded steel corrosion. The presence of cracks leads to further deterioration, service life reduction of concrete infrastructure, and frequent maintenance and repairs. These challenges can be...