Towards a digital twin architecture for the lighting industry

This paper introduces an ontology-based Digital Twin (DT) architecture for the lighting industry, integrating simulation models, data analytics, and visualization to represent luminaires. The ontology standardizes luminaire components, facilitating interoperability with design tools. The calculated ontology-level metrics suggest mid-level...

LED degradation: From component to system

Human civilization revolves around artificial light. Since its earliest incarnation as firelight to its most recent as electric light, artificial light is at the core of our existence. It has freed us from the temporal and spatial constraints of daylight by allowing us to function equally well night and day, indoors and outdoors. It evolved from...

Lumen maintenance predictions for LED packages

Commercial claims for LED-based products in terms of lumen maintenance are fully based on TM-21 extrapolations using LM-80 data. This paper indicates that there may be a risk in doing this as TM-21 only relies on the behavior of the average LED degradation, instead of taking into account the degradation of all individual LEDs. Therefore, we...