Opportunistic maintenance for offshore wind: A review and proposal of future framework

As new offshore wind development sites move further from shore and existing sites enter their post-subsidy operating period, it is expected that operational expenditure (OpEx) will increase. In order to overcome these challenges, a more flexible and cost-effective maintenance solution is needed. One such solution is opportunistic maintenance ...

Updating scenarios: A multi-layer framework for structurally incorporating new information and uncertainties into scenarios

A dynamic and fast-changing environment brings challenges for generating long-term scenarios. Although the need to update scenarios for decision-making is recognized, a structured way for executing this process remains unclear. To configure a solution, we propose two concepts that need to be introduced: 1) that scenarios consist of a multi...

Aggregators today and tomorrow: From intermediaries to local orchestrators?

At the forefront of energy transition, aggregators unlock value in front of and behind the energy meter. The business models of aggregators are changing rapidly, influenced by changes in technology, the market design, and regulatory framework. This chapter provides an overview of the leading aggregators in Europe and their underlying business...

Aggregator's business models: Challenges faced by different roles

Aggregators are considered essential to obtain flexibility from small residential and service sector consumers. They can implement business models by trading flexibility from their consumers' assets in various electricity markets. The aim of this paper is to identify challenges faced by aggregators with different roles, while implementing...

An exploration of the three-layer model including stakeholders, markets and technologies for assessments of residential smart grids

In this paper, a framework is presented for the evaluation of smart grid environment which is called the three-layer model. This three-layer model comprises three specific categories, or 'layers', namely, the stakeholder, market and technologies layers. Each layer is defined and explored herein, using an extensive literature study regarding...

Analysing the institutional setting of local renewable energy planning and implementation in the EU: A systematic literature review

Due to the liberalisation of the European Union's (EU) electricity sector, stakeholders' roles and responsibilities in local energy planning and implementation are not well-defined in legislation anymore. To investigate what local energy planning and implementation processes look like in the post-liberalisation era we conduct a systematic...

Towards a comprehensive policy for electricity from renewable energy: Designing for social welfare

The governance of renewable electricity in Europe beyond 2020 is still uncertain. The only certain aspects are that national level targets will be abolished beyond 2020, and that most renewable electricity support schemes will take the form of competitive bidding. The objective of this paper is to assess the impact of policy choices, the so...

An analysis of a forward capacity market with long-term contracts

We analyze the effectiveness of a forward capacity market (FCM) with long-term contracts in an electricity market in the presence of a growing share of renewable energy. An agent-based model is used for this analysis. Capacity markets can compensate for the deteriorating incentive to invest in controllable power plants when the share of...