North Sea Crossings: Historical geo-spatial mapping as a tool to understand the local development of port cities in a global context

The global petroleumscape of the Rotterdam/The Hague area: As a model for further research

Flows of petroleum have shaped the built environment of industrial, retail, administrative, and ancillary spaces, of infrastructures and buildings, as well as their representation. Carola Hein analyses the spatial impact of petroleum on the sea-land continuum through the lens of the port city region of Rotterdam/The Hague.

Viscosity: Historical geo-spatial mapping as a tool to understand the local development of port cities in a global context

Nancy Couling and Carola Hein explore the physical and metaphorical viscosity of two North Sea liquids – oil and seawater. Thickness and resistance to flow cause friction in planning and in the petroleum industry but installations erected to enforce the flow of petroleum, create unexpected viscous conditions in the North Sea as a whole.