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Li, G. (author), Knoop, V.L. (author), van Lint, J.W.C. (author)Accurate and explainable short-term traffic forecasting is pivotal for making trustworthy decisions in advanced traffic control and guidance systems. Recently, deep learning approach, as a data-driven alternative to traffic flow model-based data assimilation and prediction methods, has become popular in this domain. Many of these deep learning...journal article 2021
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Knoop, V.L. (author), Vuik, Cornelis (author), Duives, D.C. (author), Hoogendoorn, S.P. (author)Editorialcontribution to periodical 2021
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Wierbos, M.J. (author), Knoop, V.L. (author), Bertini, R.L. (author), Hoogendoorn, S.P. (author)Congestion in bicycle traffic is a daily occurrence at many urban intersections. It is known that a higher density in the queue leads to a higher discharge rate. In theory, higher jam densities than those currently observed in practice are feasible. This leads to our hypothesis that the delay at intersections can be further reduced when cyclists...journal article 2021
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Doole, M.M. (author), Ellerbroek, Joost (author), Knoop, V.L. (author), Hoekstra, J.M. (author)Large-scale adoption of drone-based delivery in urban areas promise societal benefits with respect to emissions and on-ground traffic congestion, as well as potential cost savings for drone-based logistic companies. However, for this to materialise, the ability of accommodating high volumes of drone traffic in an urban airspace is one of the...journal article 2021
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Knoop, V.L. (author), Wierbos, M.J. (author), van Boggelen, Otto (author)Traffic flow might be limited by cross-traffic which has priority. A typical example of such a situation is a location where cyclists or pedestrians cross a stream of car traffic. Splitting the cross-traffic into two separate sub-streams (for instance left?right and right?left) can increase the capacity of the main stream. This is because it is...journal article 2021
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Loder, Allister (author), Bressan, Lea (author), Wierbos, M.J. (author), Becker, Henrik (author), Emmonds, Andy (author), Obee, Martin (author), Knoop, V.L. (author), Menendez, Monica (author), Axhausen, Kay W. (author)Interactions among different modes or vehicle classes in urban road networks affect the network performance in different and complex ways. Thus, an answer to the question of “how many cars are too many for a city?” is not trivial. However, multi-modal macroscopic fundamental diagrams (MFD) offer a novel opportunity to answer this question. So...journal article 2021
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Knoop, V.L. (author)Traffic processes cause several problems in the world. Traffic delay, pollution are some of it. They can be solved with the right road design or traffic management (control) measure. Before implementing these designs of measures, though, their effect could be tested. To this end, knowledge of traffic flow theory is needed.book 2021
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van Erp, P.B.C. (author), Knoop, V.L. (author), Smits, Erik Sander (author), Tampère, Chris (author), Hoogendoorn, S.P. (author)Detector data can be used to construct cumulative flow curves, which in turn can be used to estimate the traffic state. However, this approach is subject to the cumulative error problem. Multiple studies propose to mitigate the cumulative error problem using probe trajectory data. These studies often assume “no overtaking” and thus that the...journal article 2020
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Li, G. (author), Knoop, V.L. (author), van Lint, J.W.C. (author)Short-term traffic forecasting is one of the key functions in Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). Recently, deep learning is drawing more attention in this field. However, how to develop a deep learning based traffic forecasting model that can dynamically extract explainable spatial correlations from traffic data is still a challenging...conference paper 2020
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Chen, Kaijia (author), Zhao, J. (author), Knoop, V.L. (author), Gao, Xing (author)Traffic throughput at intersections can be improved by using exit lanes for left-turning (EFL), tidal flow lanes near an intersection, which has been recently introduced. This paper considers the operational robustness of the EFL intersection in relation to the control scheme applied to the traffic light setting. For safety and efficiency, it...journal article 2020
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Zhao, J. (author), Knoop, V.L. (author), Wang, Z. (author)Modeling traffic flow at intersections is essential for the design, control, and management of intersections. A challenging feature of microscopic modeling vehicular movement at intersections is that drivers can choose among an infinite number of alternative traveling paths and speeds. This makes it fundamentally different from structured...journal article 2020
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Wierbos, M.J. (author), Knoop, V.L. (author), Hanseler, F.S. (author), Hoogendoorn, S.P. (author)Bicycles are gaining popularity as a mode of transport resulting in a mixed bicycle–car traffic situation on urban roads. Cyclists however, are hardly included in traffic flow models which complicates the design of safe and congestion-free traffic situations. This work introduces class-specific speed functions based on two variables, being space...journal article 2020
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Nagalur Subraveti, H.H.S. (author), Knoop, V.L. (author), van Arem, B. (author)Lane drops are a common bottleneck source on motorway networks. Congestion sets in upstream of a lane drop as a result of the lane changing activity of merging vehicles. This causes the queue discharge rate at the bottleneck to decrease and drop below the capacity, leading to capacity drop and further congestion. The objective of this study is...journal article 2020
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Wierbos, M.J. (author), Knoop, V.L. (author), Goni Ros, B. (author), Hoogendoorn, S.P. (author)An increasing number of people use the bicycle for urban trips resulting in local congestion at intersections, especially during peak hours. Understanding the queue dynamics is key to find the correct measures that can reduce the delays for cyclists without affecting other traffic modes. To this end, the discharge process of bicycle queues is...journal article 2020
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van Erp, P.B.C. (author), Knoop, V.L. (author), Hoogendoorn, S.P. (author)Traffic flow can be described using three dimensions, i.e., space x, time t and cumulative flow N. This study considers estimating the cumulative flow over space and time, i.e., N(x,t), using relative flow data collected by stationary and moving observers. Stationary observers, e.g., loop-detectors, can observe flow at fixed position over...journal article 2020
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Knoop, V.L. (author), Hanseler, F.S. (author), Wierbos, M.J. (author), Gavriilidou, A. (author), Daamen, W. (author), Hoogendoorn, S.P. (author)Density is one of the most relevant variables in a traffic flow description. For objects in 2 dimensions, density can be determined by the space that is allocated to each of the objects. This paper introduces a new way of computing the space available for a bicyclist, accounting for speed and accounting for the non-zero size of a bicycle. This...conference paper 2020
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Yuan, K. (author), Knoop, V.L. (author), Zwaal, B.A. (author), van Lint, J.W.C. (author)With the renewed interest in the Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram (MFD) in the last decade, studies on network-level urban traffic control have increased in popularity. A popular urban traffic control approach is perimeter control, in which vehicle accumulation is kept below some critical accumulation value. An alternative control strategy is to...conference paper 2020
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Nagalur Subraveti, H.H.S. (author), Knoop, V.L. (author), van Arem, B. (author)For better and more efficient motorway traffic control strategies on a lane level, accurate modelling and prediction of traffic conditions is essential. Existing real-time traffic state estimation methods aggregate traffic across lanes. Hence, there is a need for lane-specific traffic flow models. The majority of the existing macroscopic lane...conference paper 2020
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Goni Ros, B. (author), Knoop, V.L. (author), van Arem, B. (author), Hoogendoorn, S.P. (author)Sags are freeway sections along which the gradient changes significantly from downward to upward. The capacity of sags is considerably lower than the capacity of normal sections. Consequently, sags are often freeway bottlenecks. Recently, several control measures have been proposed to improve traffic flow efficiency at sags. Those measures...journal article 2019
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Nagalur Subraveti, H.H.S. (author), Knoop, V.L. (author), van Arem, B. (author)Merging areas are a common bottleneck source on motorways. In order to tackle congestion at these locations, efficient traffic management and control is vital to best utilize the available space. However, before the application of any traffic control measures, a thorough analysis of the effectiveness of the designed control action needs to be...conference paper 2019