Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy as a performance indicator of water dissociation in bipolar membranes

A bipolar membrane (BPM) can be used to maintain a pH difference in an electrolysis cell, which provides freedom to independently optimize the environments and catalysts used for paired redox reactions. A BPM consists of two physical layers, of which one is selective for the exchange of cations and the other for anions. The water dissociation...