Searched for: author%253A%2522de%2520Winter%252C%2520J.C.F.%2522
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Eisma, Y.B. (author), van Bergen, Steven (author), ter Brake, Sjoerd (author), Hensen, Matthijs (author), Tempelaar, Willem Jan (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)
In the future, automated cars may feature external human–machine interfaces (eHMIs) to communicate relevant information to other road users. However, it is currently unknown where on the car the eHMI should be placed. In this study, 61 participants each viewed 36 animations of cars with eHMIs on either the roof, windscreen, grill, above the...
journal article 2020
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Kolekar, S.B. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author), Abbink, D.A. (author)
Current driving behaviour models are designed for specific scenarios, such as curve driving, obstacle avoidance, car-following, or overtaking. However, humans can drive in diverse scenarios. Can we find an underlying principle from which driving behaviour in different scenarios emerges? We propose the Driver’s Risk Field (DRF), a two...
journal article 2020
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Eisma, Y.B. (author), Hancock, P. A. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)
Objective: We review the sampling models described in John Senders’s doctoral thesis on “visual sampling processes” via a ready and accessible exposition. Background: John Senders left a significant imprint on human factors/ergonomics (HF/E). Here, we focus on one preeminent aspect of his career, namely visual attention. Methods: We present,...
journal article 2020
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Kovacsova, N. (author), Vlakveld, W. P. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author), Hagenzieker, Marjan (author)
Research shows that the ability to anticipate safety-critical situations is predictive of safe performance in traffic. Thus far, hazard anticipation training has been developed mainly for car drivers. These training programs may not be appropriate for cyclists who are exposed to different types of hazards. This study aimed to develop a PC...
journal article 2020
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Nordhoff, S. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author), Payre, William (author), van Arem, B. (author), Happee, R. (author)
In the future, automated shuttles may provide on-demand transport and serve as feeders to public transport systems. However, automated shuttles will only become widely used if they are accepted by the public. This paper presents results of an interview study with 30 users of an automated shuttle on the EUREF (Europäisches Energieforum) campus in...
journal article 2019
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Zhang, Bo (author), Lu, Z. (author), Happee, R. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author), Martens, Marieke (author)
In the context of automated driving, a monitoring request (MR) is a means to prepare drivers for a take-over event. However, driver compliance may be an issue because not all MRs require a take-over. In this study, we investigated how drivers’ compliance with MRs was associated with previously experienced scenarios. The compliance level was...
conference paper 2019
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Engström, Johan (author), Miller, Andrew (author), Huang, Wenyan (author), Soccolich, Susan (author), Ghanipoor Machiani, Sahar (author), Jahangiri, Arash (author), Dreger, F.A. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)
This report gives an overview of the main findings from the Behavior-based Predictive Safety Analytics – Pilot Study project. The main objective of the project was to investigate the possibilities of developing statistical models predicting individual driver crash involvement based on individual driving style, demographic and behavioral history...
report 2019
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Dreger, F.A. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author), Happee, R. (author)
Freeway merging of heavy goods vehicles (HGV) is a safety–critical manoeuvre. However, at present, it is largely unknown how HGV drivers perceive and execute the merging manoeuvre, and how current advanced driver support and automation systems (ADAS) contribute. We performed semi-structured in-depth interviews with 15 HGV drivers to assess...
journal article 2019
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Matthews, Gerald (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author), Hancock, Peter A. (author)
We examine the continuing use of subjective workload responses to index an operator’s state, either by themselves or as part of a collective suite of measurements. Lack of convergence of subjective scales with physiological and performance-based measures calls into question whether there is any unitary workload construct that underpins...
journal article 2019
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Bazilinskyy, P. (author), Bijker, Laurens (author), Dielissen, Tim (author), French, Shin (author), Mooijman, Tom (author), Peters, Luka (author), Happee, R. (author), Dodou, D. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)
This study is the third iteration in a series of studies aimed to develop a system that allows driving blindfolded. We used a sonification approach, where the predicted angular error of the car 2 seconds into the future was translated into spatialized beeping sounds. In a driving simulator experiment, we tested with 20 participants whether a...
conference paper 2019
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Eriksson, Alexander (author), Petermeijer, S.M. (author), Zimmermann, Markus (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author), Bengler, Klaus J. (author), Stanton, Neville A. (author)
This paper assessed four types of human–machine interfaces (HMIs), classified according to the stages of automation proposed by Parasuraman et al. [“A model for types and levels of human interaction with automation,” IEEE Trans. Syst. Man, Cybern. A, Syst. Humans, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 286–297, May 2000]. We hypothesized that drivers would...
journal article 2019
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Melman, T. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author), Mouton, Xavier (author), Tapus, Adriana (author), Abbink, D.A. (author)
Several modern vehicles provide the option to select a driving mode. However, the literature contains no empirical studies that investigate how driving modes affect the vehicle's dynamic behaviour in regular on-road driving. We examined for which CAN-bus signals the differences between Renault's Multi-Sense® comfort and sport modes are most...
journal article 2019
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Stuldreher, Ivo (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author), Thammasan, Nattapong (author), Brouwer, Anne-Marie (author)
Physiological synchrony (PS) refers to the similarity in physiological responses of two or more individuals and may be an informative source of information in the field of affective computing. Up to now, PS has been assessed using either autonomic measures or neural measures. While in literature multiple physiological channels have already been...
conference paper 2019
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Bazilinskyy, P. (author), Larsson, Pontus (author), Johansson, Emma (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)
The number of trucks that are equipped with driver assistance systems is increasing. These driver assistance systems typically offer binary auditory warnings or notifications upon lane departure, close headway, or automation (de)activation. Such binary sounds may annoy the driver if presented frequently. Truck drivers are well accustomed to the...
journal article 2019
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Bazilinskyy, P. (author), Dodou, D. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)
The automotive industry has presented a variety of external human-machine interfaces (eHMIs) for automated vehicles (AVs). However, there appears to be no consensus on which types of eHMIs are clear to vulnerable road users. Here, we present the results of two large crowdsourcing surveys on this topic. In the first survey, we asked...
journal article 2019
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Kooijman, L. (author), Happee, R. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)
In future traffic, automated vehicles may be equipped with external human-machine interfaces (eHMIs) that can communicate with pedestrians. Previous research suggests that, during first encounters, pedestrians regard text-based eHMIs as clearer than light-based eHMIs. However, in much of the previous research, pedestrians were asked to imagine...
journal article 2019
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de Winter, J.C.F. (author), Eisma, Y.B. (author), Cabrall, C.D.D. (author), Hancock, P. A. (author), Stanton, N. A. (author)
The topic of situation awareness has received continuing interest over the last decades. Freeze-probe methods, such as the Situation Awareness Global Assessment Technique (SAGAT), are commonly employed for measuring situation awareness. The aim of this paper was to review validity issues of the SAGAT and examine whether eye movements are a...
journal article 2019
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de Winter, J.C.F. (author)
journal article 2019
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de Winter, J.C.F. (author), Dodou, D. (author), Happee, R. (author), Eisma, Y.B. (author)
Vehicles are increasingly equipped with sensors that measure the state of the vehicle and surrounding road users. Although most of these sensor data currently remain local to the vehicle, the data could be shared with the aim to improve road safety. We postulate that there is a range of scenarios regarding data sharing, with two extremes: In...
journal article 2019
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Cabrall, C.D.D. (author), Eriksson, Alexander (author), Dreger, F.A. (author), Happee, R. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)
This work aimed to organise recommendations for keeping people engaged during human supervision of driving automation, encouraging a safe and acceptable introduction of automated driving systems. First, heuristic knowledge of human factors, ergonomics, and psychological theory was used to propose solution areas to human supervisory control...
journal article 2019
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