A fuzzy multi-attribute HAZOP technique (FMA-HAZOP): Application to gas wellhead facilities

Hazard and Operability analysis (HAZOP) is a popular technique for hazard identification and risk ranking in hazardous facilities. Conventional HAZOP, however, has some drawbacks: (i) it considers a limited number of risk factors, i.e., only the frequency and the severity of hazards; (ii) it assumes equal weights for the risk factors, thus...

Texas LPG fire: Domino effects triggered by natural hazards

On February 2007, a massive fire in a propane de-asphalting unit in an oil refinery in Texas, USA happened due to liquid propane release from a cracked pipe in a control station injuring four people, damaging extensive equipment, causing significant business interruption, and resulting in more than $50 million losses. The accident was...