Predicting by-product gradients of baker’s yeast production at industrial scale: A practical simulation approach

Scaling up bioprocesses is one of the most crucial steps in the commercialization of bioproducts. While it is known that concentration and shear rate gradients occur at larger scales, it is often too risky, if feasible at all, to conduct validation experiments at such scales. Using computational fluid dynamics equipped with mechanistic...

Lagrangian modeling of hydrodynamic–kinetic interactions in (bio)chemical reactors: Practical implementation and setup guidelines

Large substrate concentration gradients can exist in chemical or biochemical reactions, resulting from a large circulation time compared to the turnover time of substrates. The influence of such gradients on the microbial metabolism can significantly compromise optimal bioreactor performance. Lapin et al. (2004) proposed an Euler–Lagrange CFD...