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Firet, N.J. (author), Blommaert, M.A. (author), Burdyny, T.E. (author), Venugopal, A. (author), Bohra, D. (author), Longo, Alessandro (author), Smith, W.A. (author)Electrocatalysis of carbon dioxide can provide a valuable pathway towards the sustainable production of chemicals and fuels from renewable electricity sources. One of the main challenges to enable this technology is to find suitable electrodes that can act as efficient, stable and selective CO<sub>2</sub> reduction catalysts. Modified silver...journal article 2019
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Zhang, W. (author), Ma, M. (author), Huijbers, M.M.E. (author), Filonenko, G.A. (author), Pidko, E.A. (author), van Schie, M.M.C.H. (author), de Boer, Sabrina (author), Smith, W.A. (author), Hollmann, F. (author)A recently discovered photodecarboxylase from Chlorella variabilis NC64A ( CvFAP) bears the promise for the efficient and selective synthesis of hydrocarbons from carboxylic acids. CvFAP, however, exhibits a clear preference for long-chain fatty acids thereby limiting its broad applicability. In this contribution, we demonstrate that the...journal article 2019
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Perez Rodriguez, P. (author), Vijselaar, Wouter (author), Huskens, Jurriaan (author), Stam, Machiel (author), Falkenberg, M. (author), Zeman, M. (author), Smith, W.A. (author), Smets, A.H.M. (author)Solar fuels are a promising way to store solar energy seasonally. This paper proposes an earth-abundant heterostructure to split water using a photovoltaic-electrochemical device (PV-EC). The heterostructure is based on a hybrid architecture of a thin-film (TF) silicon tandem on top of a c-Si wafer (W) heterojunction solar cell (a-Si:H (TF)...journal article 2019
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Valenti, M. (author), Prasad, Nitin P. (author), Kas, R. (author), Bohra, D. (author), Ma, M. (author), Balasubramanian, Vignesh (author), Chu, L. (author), Dam, B. (author), Smith, W.A. (author)CO <sub>2</sub> electroreduction is a promising technology to produce chemicals and fuels from renewable resources. Polycrystalline and nanostructured metals have been tested extensively while less effort has been spent on understanding the performance of bimetallic alloys. In this work, we study compositionally variant, smooth Au-Pd thin...journal article 2019
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Smith, W.A. (author), Burdyny, T.E. (author), Vermaas, D.A. (author), Geerlings, J.J.C. (author)Using renewable energy as an input, Power-to-X technologies have the potential to replace fossil fuels and chemicals with dense-energy carriers that are instead derived out of thin air. In this work, we put into context what the industrial-scale production of chemicals from ambient CO<sub>2</sub> using CO<sub>2</sub> electrolysis means in...review 2019
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Firet, N.J. (author), Venugopal, A. (author), Blommaert, M.A. (author), Cavallari, Chiara (author), Sahle, Christoph J. (author), Longo, Alessandro (author), Smith, W.A. (author)Photocharging has recently been demonstrated as a powerful method to improve the photoelectrochemical water splitting performance of different metal oxide photoanodes, including BiVO<sub>4</sub>. In this work, we use ambient-pressure X-ray Raman scattering (XRS) spectroscopy to study the surface electronic structure of photocharged BiVO<sub>4...journal article 2019
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Kas, R. (author), Ayemoba, Onagie (author), Firet, N.J. (author), Middelkoop, J. (author), Smith, W.A. (author), Cuesta, Angel (author)The field of electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> conversion is undergoing significant growth in terms of the number of publications and worldwide research groups involved. Despite improvements of the catalytic performance, the complex reaction mechanisms and solution chemistry of CO<sub>2</sub> have resulted in a considerable amount of...review 2019
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Wang, R. (author), Haspel, Henrik (author), Pustovarenko, Alexey (author), Dikhtiarenko, A. (author), Osadchii, D. (author), Ma, M. (author), Smith, W.A. (author), Kapteijn, F. (author), Gascon, Jorge (author)We report the preparation and electrocatalytic performance of silver-containing gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) derived from a silver coordination polymer (Ag-CP). Layer-by-layer growth of the Ag-CP onto porous supports was applied to control Ag loading. Subsequent electro-decomposition of the Ag-CP resulted in highly selective and efficient...journal article 2019
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Blommaert, M.A. (author), Vermaas, D.A. (author), Izelaar, Boaz (author), In'T Veen, Ben (author), Smith, W.A. (author)A bipolar membrane (BPM) can be used to maintain a pH difference in an electrolysis cell, which provides freedom to independently optimize the environments and catalysts used for paired redox reactions. A BPM consists of two physical layers, of which one is selective for the exchange of cations and the other for anions. The water dissociation...journal article 2019
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Digdaya, I.A. (author), Trzesniewski, B.J. (author), Adhyaksa, Gede W.P. (author), Garnett, E.C. (author), Smith, W.A. (author)Metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) photoelectrodes offer a simple alternative to the traditional semiconductor-liquid junction and the conventional p-n junction electrode. Highly efficient MIS photoanodes require interfacial surface passivating oxides and high workfunction metals to produce a high photovoltage. Herein, we investigate and...journal article 2018
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Perez Rodriguez, P. (author), Cardenas-Morcoso, Drialys (author), Digdaya, I.A. (author), Mangel Raventos, A. (author), Procel Moya, P.A. (author), Isabella, O. (author), Gimenez, Sixto (author), Zeman, M. (author), Smith, W.A. (author), Smets, A.H.M. (author)Amorphous silicon carbide (a-SiC:H) is a promising material for photoelectrochemical water splitting owing to its relatively small band-gap energy and high chemical and optoelectrical stability. This work studies the interplay between charge-carrier separation and collection, and their injection into the electrolyte, when modifying the...journal article 2018
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Ma, M. (author), Liu, K. (author), Shen, J. (author), Kas, R. (author), Smith, W.A. (author)In this work, the highly selective and stable electrocatalytic reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> to CO on nanostructured Ag electrocatalysts is presented. The Ag electrocatalysts are synthesized by the electroreduction of Ag<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> formed by in situ anodic-etching of Ag foil in a KHCO<sub>3</sub> electrolyte. After 3 min of this...journal article 2018
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Wedege, Kristina (author), Bae, D. (author), Smith, W.A. (author), Mendes, Adélio (author), Bentien, Anders (author)In recent years, research in solar energy storage with photoelectrochemical cells (i.e., solar redox flow batteries: SRFBs) has resurged. This development is emerging in parallel with the growing field of research into organic redox couples intended for aqueous redox flow batteries (RFBs) in a range of different pH environments. In a solar...journal article 2018
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Digdaya, I.A. (author), Adhyaksa, Gede W.P. (author), Trzesniewski, B.J. (author), Garnett, Erik C. (author), Smith, W.A. (author)Solar-assisted water splitting can potentially provide an efficient route for large-scale renewable energy conversion and storage. It is essential for such a system to provide a sufficiently high photocurrent and photovoltage to drive the water oxidation reaction. Here we demonstrate a photoanode that is capable of achieving a high...journal article 2017
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Trzesniewski, B.J. (author), Digdaya, I.A. (author), Nagaki, T. (author), Ravishankar, Sandheep (author), Herraiz-Cardona, Isaac (author), Vermaas, D.A. (author), Longo, Alessandro (author), Gimenez, Sixto (author), Smith, W.A. (author)Bismuth vanadate (BiVO<sub>4</sub>) is one of the most efficient light absorbing metal oxides for solar water splitting. BiVO<sub>4</sub> photoanodes immersed in an electrolyte in an open circuit configuration and exposed to simulated solar illumination for prolonged time achieve superior photoelectrochemical (PEC) activity. This...journal article 2017
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Valenti, M. (author), Venugopal, A. (author), Tordera, Daniel (author), Jonsson, P.M. (author), Biskos, G. (author), Schmidt-Ott, A. (author), Smith, W.A. (author)The conversion of light to electrical and chemical energy has the potential to provide meaningful advances to many aspects of daily life, including the production of energy, water purification, and optical sensing. Recently, plasmonic nanoparticles (PNPs) have been increasingly used in artificial photosynthesis (e.g., water splitting) devices...journal article 2017
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Ma, M. (author), Hansen, Heine A. (author), Valenti, M. (author), Wang, Zegao (author), Cao, A. (author), Dong, Mingdong (author), Smith, W.A. (author)The electrocatalytic reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> on Au-Pt bimetallic catalysts with different compositions was evaluated, offering a platform for uncovering the correlation between the catalytic activity and the surface composition of bimetallic electrocatalysts. The Au-Pt alloy films were synthesized by a magnetron sputtering co-deposition...journal article 2017
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Perez Rodriguez, P. (author), Digdaya, I.A. (author), Mangel Raventos, A. (author), Falkenberg, M. (author), Vasudevan, R.A. (author), Zeman, M. (author), Smith, W.A. (author), Smets, A.H.M. (author)One of the main problems of renewable energies is storage of the energy carrier. For long-term storage, solar fuels seem to be a good option. Direct solar water splitting could play an important role in the production of these solar fuels. One of the main challenges of this process is the charge separation and collection at the interfaces. The...conference paper 2016
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Trzesniewski, B.J. (author), Smith, W.A. (author)Bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) is a promising semiconductor material for the production of solar fuels via photoelectrochemical water splitting, however, it suffers from substantial recombination losses that limit its performance to well below its theoretical maximum. Here we demonstrate for the first time that the photoelectrochemical (PEC)...journal article 2016
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Valenti, M. (author), Jonsson, M.P. (author), Biskos, G. (author), Schmidt-Ott, A. (author), Smith, W.A. (author)Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is a promising technology that uses light absorbing semiconductors to convert solar energy directly into a chemical fuel (i.e., hydrogen). PEC water splitting has the potential to become a key technology in achieving a sustainable society, if high solar to fuel energy conversion efficiencies are...journal article 2016