Numerical and CFD-Based Modelling of Concentrated Domestic Slurry in Turbulent Flow Through Circular Pipes

The concentration of domestic slurry has two advantages, it promotes resource recovery (nutrients and biomass) and saves water. But the design of a relevant sewerage requires a clear understanding of the frictional losses incurred during the transport of the slurry. This abstracts describes numerical & CFD-based methods to estimate losses...

Metagenomic insights into the bio-functionality of 21 anaerobic biogas reactors (abstract)

Anaerobic membrane bio-reactors for severe industrial effluents and urban spill waters: The AMBROSIUS project

With growing application experiences from aerobic membrane bioreactors, combination of membrane and anaerobic processes become more and more attractive and feasible. In anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs), biomass and particulate organic matter are physically retained inside the reactor, providing optimal conditions for organic matter...

Anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactors for high strength wastewater treatment

A laboratory scale external anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor (AnDMBR) treating high strength wastewater was operated to assess the effect of gas sparging velocity and organic loading rate on removal efficiency and dynamic membrane (DM) filtration characteristics. An increase in gas sparging velocity (GSV) results in a decrease in DM...

Autogenerative high pressure digestion: Future potentials and constraints

Biogas generated in waste (water) treatment facilities is increasingly regarded as an important source of renewable energy. However, generally, the CH4 content in biogas ranges between 55-70%, depending waste(water) composition, and cannot be applied directly for high grade applications such as gas grid injection or vehicle fuel. Conventional...

Autogenerative High Pressure Digestion: Future Potentials and Constraints

Conventional anaerobic digestion is a commonly used technology worldwide and external biogas upgrading is well documented (Wellinger and Lindberg, 2001). Biogas generated in waste (water) treatment facilities is increasingly regarded as an important source of renewable energy. However, generally, the CH4 content in biogas ranges between 55-70%,...

Innovations in sanitation for sustainable urban growth; modernized mixtures in an east african context

Urbanisation of poverty and informality in East Africa poses a threat to public health and environmental protection, perpetuating social exclusion and inequalities, while it creates service gaps. Neither conventional on-site sanitation nor modern centralised off-site sanitation provisions are tenable citywide, giving rise to the emergence of...

Sludge residence time and membrane fouling: What is the connection?

Nowadays, waste activated sludge is more and more regarded as an energy source (through subsequent anaerobic digestion) or even as a potential source of fine chemicals (through subsequent fermentation processes). To this end, the organic content of the activated sludge should remain as high as possible implying short sludge residence times (SRT)...

(Un)reliability in sanitation monitoring: Analysis of East African urban data

This article looks at the difficulties measuring sanitation improvements in eastern Africa, arguing that data supplied by international bodies such as the WHO and UNICEF may not always be realistic and should be used with caution.