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Mosleh, Yasmine (author), van Die, M. (author), Gard, W.F. (author), Breebaart, Iskander (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author), Van Duin, Paul (author), Poulis, J.A. (author)Gelatine adhesives, also known as animal glues, are collagen-based water-soluble biopolymers derived from vertebrate connective tissues. One of the various fields in which gelatine adhesives are widely used is the conservation of cultural heritage such as decorated furniture and panel paintings. It is observed that, with time, the failure in...journal article 2024
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van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author), Clerc, G. (author), Mosleh, Yasmine (author), Gard, W.F. (author), Richter, K. (author)Similar to wood, adhesives may exhibit duration of load effects. When loaded for longer periods of time, damage processes in the material may develop, eventually leading to failure. From wood research it is known that load level, temperature and relative humidity have an important influence on this behaviour. In general, higher stress levels,...journal article 2024
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Mirra, M. (author), Pagella, G. (author), Lee, Michael (author), Gard, W.F. (author), Ravenshorst, G.J.P. (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)In the historic city centre of Amsterdam (NL), the predominant foundation system is comprised of wooden piles. Due to their placement below the water table, these foundations are susceptible to bacterial decay. This study aims to investigate and compare various methods for characterizing decay patterns within the cross sections of piles...journal article 2024
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Felicita, M.P. (author), Pagella, G. (author), Ravenshorst, G.J.P. (author), Mirra, M. (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)This case study explores the utilization of distributed fiber optic sensors (DFOS) in wooden foundation piles, for assessing and monitoring the stress distribution along their length. Three spruce and three pine foundation piles instrumented with DFOS were driven into the soil in a testing field in Amsterdam and axially loaded in compression....journal article 2024
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Seeber, Franziska (author), Khaloian-Sarnaghi, Ani (author), Yu, Taoyi (author), Duddeck, Fabian (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)This contribution aims for an enhanced numerical representation for strength prediction of timber. This implies a validated elasto-plastic continuum damage model which considers orthotropy and heterogeneity of the material, and represents the ductile behavior under compression and the brittle material behavior under tension dependent on the...journal article 2024
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Seeber, Franziska (author), Sarnaghi, Ani Khaloian (author), Rais, Andreas (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)Mechanical properties of wood such as stiffness and strength vary locally especially due to heterogeneities and anisotropy. Analytical models and numerical simulations of wooden boards are able to represent varying material orientation e.g. with local fiber directions from laser scanning as input for the prediction of strength. Current Finite...journal article 2023
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Mirra, M. (author), Gerardini, Andrea (author), Ghirardelli, Sergio (author), Ravenshorst, G.J.P. (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)This work presents the application of timber-based retrofitting techniques to a case-study stone masonry church featuring a wooden roof from 18<sup>th</sup> century. From the static point of view, the original roof structure presented a number of undersized structural elements, and its members were poorly or not connected among each other and...journal article 2023
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Yu, Taoyi (author), Khaloian-Sarnaghi, Ani (author), Seeber, Franziska (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)When curved glulam beams are subjected to bending, tension perpendicular to grain is introduced. In this work, Monte-Carlo analysis is conducted to study the influence of the annual-ring orientation of individual board on stress concentration in the radial direction. A virtual cutting program is developed which simulates the sawing processes...journal article 2023
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Mosleh, Yasmine (author), van Die, M. (author), Gard, W.F. (author), Breebaart, Iskander (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author), van Duin, Paul (author), Poulis, J.A. (author)Gelatine adhesives aka ‘animal glues’ are water-soluble biopolymers used in historic objects such as wooden cabinets and panel paintings since ancient times. This paper investigates the correlations between microstructural features, namely triple helices, and macroscopic properties of four different types of gelatine adhesives, prevalently...journal article 2023
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Mirra, M. (author), Pagella, G. (author), Gard, W.F. (author), Ravenshorst, G.J.P. (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)In the historic city centre of Amsterdam (NL), the most widespread foundation system consists of wooden piles. With the aim of modelling and predicting remaining service life of these foundations and the piles in particular, one of the possible methods for collecting data and monitoring their condition consists of micro-drilling (MD)...conference paper 2023
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Pagella, G. (author), Mirra, M. (author), Ravenshorst, G.J.P. (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)This work investigated the influence of knots on the compression strength of wooden foundation piles. The study involved 110 pile segments sawn from 18 spruce and 9 pine piles with a mean diameter of approximately 200 mm, and moisture contents above fiber saturation. The mechanical properties were determined performing both full-scale...conference paper 2023
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Gard, W.F. (author), Ravenshorst, G.J.P. (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)Timber pile foundations are widespread in many areas around Europe and North-America. Especially in areas with weak soils, timber pile foundations have been a very good and economic solution. That foundations can be up to 500 years in service in cities like Venice, Amsterdam, Boston and many others. Degradation of the piles may occur over...book chapter 2023
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van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author), Gard, W.F. (author), Turkulin, H. (author)The paper deals with the specific approach to teach the subject of assessment and retrofitting of historical timber structures to students of various colleges in an integrated and multidisciplinary course. Timber structures belong to the oldest structures in the world and because of their specific susceptibility to ageing, often require a...book chapter 2023
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Rais, Andreas (author), Kovryga, Andriy (author), Pretzsch, Hans (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)The conversion to climate-stable, resilient and productive forests has resulted in an increasing share of mixed stands. Different growth conditions and silvicultural treatments lead to an increased scatter in strength compared to what is expected from monoculture experience. The study (i) quantified the magnitude of variation in strength of...journal article 2022
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Mosleh, Yasmine (author), Gard, W.F. (author), Breebaart, Iskander (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author), Van Duin, Paul (author), Poulis, J.A. (author)Collagen-based bioadhesives, also known as animal glues, are derived from animal parts (e.g. skin, bone, and cartilage). They have been widely used in the production of decorative wood working, paintings, bookbinding, and other historical objects for centuries as well as for their restoration and preservation [1]. <br/><br/>Collagen, in which...abstract 2022
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Westermayr, Maximilian (author), Zeilhofer, Monika (author), Rais, Andreas (author), Kovryga, Andriy (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)The market share of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) wood in the construction sector is low despite an increase in beech stock in Central European Forests in recent years. More efficient sawing techniques, higher lamella grading yields and solving of adhesion challenges may increase the competitiveness of beech glulam and promote its use....journal article 2022
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Yu, Taoyi (author), Khaloian, Ani (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)Timber is one of the most widely applied engineering materials due to its favorable physical and mechanical characteristics. Nevertheless, over the service life, the combination of mechanical load and varying environmental conditions can have a critical influence on the mechanical response of timber structures, considering especially the...journal article 2022
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Mirra, M. (author), Ravenshorst, G.J.P. (author), de Vries, P.A. (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)Timber diaphragms in existing buildings are often too flexible in their plane, and can thus potentially cause out-of-plane collapses of walls during earthquakes. A very efficient retrofitting method to increase their in-plane stiffness and energy dissipation is the overlay of plywood panels. However, the usual characterization of the floors by...journal article 2021
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Truong-Hong, Linh (author), Lindenbergh, R.C. (author), Woudenberg, Pieter (author), Gard, W.F. (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)Churches are part of heritage structures that take an important role in Europe ́s cultural identity. As such, these structures must be protected to prevent catastrophic collapse and any damage must be reported timely to establish planning to maintenance and restoration. This can be achievable when the churches are monitored periodically with...conference paper 2021
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Ravenshorst, G.J.P. (author), van Dalen, J.H. (author), Mirra, M. (author), Steiger, René (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)In this work, the relationship for a socket-type connection in wooden foundation piles is investigated, and a trilinear moment-rotation diagram was determined by means of experiment.<br/>Numerical and analytical models confirmed that the material properties for compression perpendicular to the grain are governing for the connections’ strength...conference paper 2021