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Bleeker, J.J. (author), van Kasteren, Celine (author), van Ommen, J.R. (author), Vermaas, D.A. (author)To make green hydrogen more economically attractive, the energy losses in alkaline electrolysis need to be minimized while operating at high current densities (1 A cm<sup>−2</sup>). At these current densities the ohmic resistance and gas bubbles effects contribute largely to the energy losses. To mitigate the gas bubbles losses, we...journal article 2024
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Dischinger, Sarah M. (author), Miller, Daniel J. (author), Vermaas, D.A. (author), Kingsbury, Ryan S. (author)Dense polymer membranes enable a diverse range of separations and clean energy technologies, including gas separation, water treatment, and renewable fuel production or conversion. The transport of small molecular and ionic solutes in the majority of these membranes is described by the same solution-diffusion mechanism, yet a comparison of...review 2024
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Ligthart, N.E.G. (author), Prats Vergel, G. (author), Padding, J.T. (author), Vermaas, D.A. (author)CO2 conversion is an important part of the transition towards clean fuels and chemicals. However, low solubility of CO2 in water and its slow diffusion cause mass transfer limitations in aqueous electrochemical CO2 reduction. This significantly limits the partial current densities towards any desired CO2-reduction product. We propose using...journal article 2024
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Shan, M. (author), Geng, Xiumei (author), Imaz, Inhar (author), Broto-Ribas, Anna (author), Ortín-Rubio, Borja (author), Maspoch, Daniel (author), Ansaloni, Luca (author), Peters, Thijs A. (author), Tena, Alberto (author), Boerrigter, Marcel E. (author), Vermaas, D.A. (author)Membrane technology has attracted great industrial interest in carbon capture and separation owing to the merits of energy-efficiency, environmental friendliness and low capital investment. Conventional polymeric membranes for CO<sub>2</sub> separation suffer from the trade-off between permeability and selectivity. Introducing porous fillers...review 2024
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Baumgartner, L.M. (author), Kahn, A.P. (author), Hoogland, Maxime (author), Bleeker, J.J. (author), Jager, W.F. (author), Vermaas, D.A. (author)Electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> reduction poses a promising pathway to produce hydrocarbon chemicals and fuels without relying on fossil fuels. Gas diffusion electrodes allow high selectivity for desired carbon products at high current density by ensuring a sufficient CO<sub>2</sub> mass transfer rate to the catalyst layer. In addition to CO...journal article 2023
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Petrov, K.V. (author), Santoso, A. (author), Ryzhkov, Ilya I. (author), Vermaas, D.A. (author)Polymeric ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) are key to many electrochemical processes, but their intrinsic selectivity limitations restrict scale-up possibilities. Nanofluidic IEMs, based on inorganic rigid materials and charged nanopores, offer a promising alternative. We present design criteria for selective nanofluidic membranes. We used...journal article 2023
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sharifian, rezvan (author), van der Wal, H. C. (author), Wagterveld, R. M. (author), Vermaas, D.A. (author)To assist reaching net-zero emissions, the dissolved carbon in the ocean can be extracted to enable an indirect air capture. An electrochemical bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BPMED) is a sustainable method for such capture. The BPMED enables a pH-swing that manipulates the oceanic carbonate-equilibrium using electricity. However, at...journal article 2023
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Blake, J.W. (author), Konderla, V. (author), Baumgartner, L.M. (author), Vermaas, D.A. (author), Padding, J.T. (author), Haverkort, J.W. (author)The use of gas diffusion electrodes that supply gaseous CO<sub>2</sub> directly to the catalyst layer has greatly improved the performance of electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> conversion. However, reports of high current densities and Faradaic efficiencies primarily come from small lab scale electrolysers. Such electrolysers typically have a...journal article 2023
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Vermaas, D.A. (author), Kortlever, R. (author)Electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> capture is promising for closing the carbon cycle but needs technological advances. In a recent issue of Nature Energy, a novel chemistry for electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> capture is presented, demonstrating low energy consumption and high purity with virtually no degradation. This finally allows competition...journal article 2023
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Bleeker, J.J. (author), Kahn, A.P. (author), Baumgartner, L.M. (author), Grozema, F.C. (author), Vermaas, D.A. (author), Jager, W.F. (author)Spatiotemporal pH imaging using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) is an excellent technique for investigating dynamic (electro)chemical processes. However, probes that are responsive at high pH values are not available. Here, we describe the development and application of dedicated pH probes based on the 1-methyl-7-amino...journal article 2023
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Baumgartner, L.M. (author), Goryachev, A. (author), Koopman, C.I. (author), Franzen, David (author), Ellendorff, Barbara (author), Turek, Thomas (author), Vermaas, D.A. (author)CO2 electrolysis might be a key process to utilize intermittent renewable electricity for the sustainable production of hydrocarbon chemicals without relying on fossil fuels. Commonly used carbon-based gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) enable high Faradaic efficiencies for the desired carbon products at high current densities, but have limited...journal article 2023
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Ma, X. (author), Albertsma, J. (author), Gabriels, Dieke (author), Polat, S. (author), Snoeks, Casper (author), Kapteijn, F. (author), Eral, H.B. (author), Vermaas, D.A. (author), van der Veen, M.A. (author)Large amounts of carbon monoxide are produced by industrial processes such as biomass gasification and steel manufacturing. The CO present in vent streams is often burnt, this produces a large amount of CO<sub>2</sub>, e.g., oxidation of CO from metallurgic flue gasses is solely responsible for 2.7% of manmade CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. The...review 2023
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Narrow Pressure Stability Window of Gas Diffusion Electrodes Limits the Scale-Up of CO2ElectrolyzersBaumgartner, L.M. (author), Koopman, C.I. (author), Forner-Cuenca, Antoni (author), Vermaas, D.A. (author)Electrochemical CO2 reduction is a promising process to store intermittent renewable energy in the form of chemical bonds and to meet the demand for hydrocarbon chemicals without relying on fossil fuels. Researchers in the field have used gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) to supply CO2 to the catalyst layer from the gas phase. This approach...journal article 2022
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Alfisi, Daniel (author), Shocron, Amit N. (author), Gloukhovski, Robert (author), Vermaas, D.A. (author), Suss, Matthew E. (author)A key bottleneck to society's transition to renewable energy is the lack of cost-effective energy storage systems. Hydrogen-bromine redox flow batteries are seen as a promising solution, due to the use of low-cost reactants and highly conductive electrolytes, but market penetration is prevented due to high capital costs, for example due to...journal article 2022
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sharifian, rezvan (author), Boer, L. (author), Wagterveld, R. M. (author), Vermaas, D.A. (author)Bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BPMED) can provide a sustainable route to capture the oceanic-dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) using an electrochemical pH-swing concept. Previous works demonstrated how gaseous CO<sub>2</sub> (through acidification) can be obtained from ocean water, and how carbonate minerals can be provided via ex situ...journal article 2022
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Baumgartner, L.M. (author), Koopman, C.I. (author), Forner-Cuenca, Antoni (author), Vermaas, D.A. (author)Electrochemical CO2 reduction has the potential to use excess renewable electricity to produce hydrocarbon chemicals and fuels. Gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) allow overcoming the limitations of CO2 mass transfer but are sensitive to flooding from (hydrostatic) pressure differences, which inhibits upscaling. We investigate the effect of the...journal article 2022
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Petrov, K.V. (author), Bui, Justin C. (author), Baumgartner, L.M. (author), Weng, Lien Chun (author), Dischinger, Sarah M. (author), Larson, David M. (author), Miller, Daniel J. (author), Weber, Adam Z. (author), Vermaas, D.A. (author)Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>R) poses substantial promise to convert abundant feedstocks (water and CO<sub>2</sub>) to value-added chemicals and fuels using solely renewable energy. However, recent membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) devices that have been demonstrated to achieve high rates of CO<sub>2</sub>R are...journal article 2022
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Bleeker, Jorrit (author), Reichert, Stijn (author), Veerman, Joost (author), Vermaas, D.A. (author)Here we assess the route to convert low grade waste heat (< 100 °C) into electricity by leveraging the temperature dependency of redox potentials, similar to the Seebeck effect in semiconductor physics. We use fluid-based redox-active species, which can be easily heated and cooled using heat exchangers. By using a first principles approach...journal article 2022
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Sullivan, Ian (author), Goryachev, A. (author), Digdaya, Ibadillah A. (author), Li, Xueqian (author), Atwater, Harry A. (author), Vermaas, D.A. (author), Xiang, Chengxiang (author)In the version of this article, there were errors in Fig. 2a and d. In Fig. 2a, we have changed Cu2+ to Cu(0) in the revised version. While the two references cited in our paper used Cu2+ in their schematics,1,2 we believe that Cu(0) is the correct representation for the electrochemically mediated amine regeneration (EMAR)3. To be clear, the...journal article 2022
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Blommaert, M.A. (author), sharifian, rezvan (author), Shah, N. (author), Nesbitt, N.T. (author), Smith, W.A. (author), Vermaas, D.A. (author)A bipolar membrane (BPM), consisting of a cation and an anion exchange layer (CEL and AEL), can be used in an electrochemical cell in two orientations: reverse bias and forward bias. A reverse bias is traditionally used to facilitate water dissociation and control the pH at either side. A forward bias has been proposed for several...journal article 2021
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