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De Winter, J.C.F. (author), Dodou, D. (author), De Groot, S. (author), Abbink, D.A. (author), Wieringa, P.A. (author)This paper presents the results of integrating hands-on experience in an engineering MSc course on human-machine systems. Students could voluntarily complete a homework assignment in which they performed manual control tasks using dedicated software. The tasks were accompanied by questions that students had to answer using the theory taught in...conference paper 2010
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De Winter, J.C.F. (author), Spek, A.C.E. (author), De Groot, S. (author), Wieringa, P.A. (author)This paper describes two driving simulator experiments on left turn gap acceptance at intersections. In the first experiment, participants (N = 24) had to turn left at 25 intersections and cross an approaching traffic stream of 25 equally-spaced vehicles, with a different combination of intervehicle gap time and approach speed at each...conference paper 2010
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De Groot, S. (author), De Winter, J.C.F. (author), Wieringa, P.A. (author), Mulder, M. (author)Braking to a full stop at a prescribed target position is a driving manoeuvre regularly used in experiments to investigate driving behaviour or to test vehicle acceleration feedback systems in simulators. Many different performance measures have been reported in the literature for analysing braking. These may or may not be useful to analyse the...conference paper 2010
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De Groot, S. (author), De Winter, J.C.F. (author)Racecar drivers could benefit from new training methods for learning to drive fast lap times. Inspired by the learning-from-errors principle, this simulator-based study investigated the effect of the tire-road friction coefficient on the training effectiveness of a car racing task. Three groups of 15 inexperienced racecar drivers (low grip (LG),...conference paper 2011
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De Winter, J.C.F. (author), Dodou, D. (author)Shared control (also known as continuous haptic guidance or haptically active controls) has recently been introduced in car driving. With shared control, the driver receives continuous force feedback on the gas pedal or steering wheel, so that human and machine conduct the driving task simultaneously. Experiments in driving simulators have shown...conference paper 2011
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van Leeuwen, P.M. (author), Happee, R. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)Novice drivers tend to direct their gaze to the road ahead and not scan the environment properly. This study investigated the training effectiveness of a visual search task in a driving simulator, aimed at increasing young drivers' spread of visual search. Two groups of inexperienced drivers were instructed to drive as accurately as possible in...conference paper 2013
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- Kovácsová, N. (author), De Winter, J.C.F. (author), Schwab, A.L. (author), Hagenzieker, M.P. (author) conference paper 2014
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Manca, L. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author), Happee, R. (author)This paper presents the results of a literature survey on visual displays used in automated driving. We describe six visual display designs: (1) a display with three main components, (2) a bird’s-eye view display, (3) an informative speedometer, (4) a head-up display, (5) eye-catching lights for informing, and (6) eye-catching lights for guiding...conference paper 2015
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Bazilinskyy, P. (author), Petermeijer, S.M. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)Highly automated driving can potentially provide enormous benefits to society. However, it is unclear what types of interfaces should be used for takeover requests during highly automated driving, in which a driver is asked to switch back to manual driving. In this paper, a proposal for a driving simulator study on the use of six auditory...conference paper 2015
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Marquart, Gerhard (author), Cabrall, C.D.D. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)The assessment of mental workload could be helpful to road safety especially if developments of vehicle automation will increasingly place drivers into roles of supervisory control. With the rapidly decreasing size and increasing resolution of cameras as well as exponential computational power gains, remote eye measurements are growing in...conference paper 2015
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Bazilinskyy, P. (author), Kyriakidis, M. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)Fully automated driving can potentially provide enormous benefits to society. However, it has been unclear whether people will appreciate such far-reaching technology. This study investigated anonymous textual comments regarding fully automated driving, based on data extracted from three online surveys with 8,862 respondents from 112 countries....conference paper 2015
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Lu, Z. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)The paper reviews some of the essentials of human-machine interaction in automated driving, focusing on control authority transitions. We introduce a driving state model describing the human monitoring level and the allocation of lateral and longitudinal control tasks. An authority transition in automated driving is defined as the process of...conference paper 2015
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van Leeuwen, P.M. (author), Happee, R. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)Previous research has shown that novice drivers have underdeveloped vehicle control skills and visual search strategies that differ from those of experienced drivers. However, little is known about how novices’ driving performance and gaze behavior jointly change over the course of practice. In this paper, we investigated changes in driving...conference paper 2015
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- Varotto, S.F. (author), Farah, H. (author), Hoogendoorn, R.G. (author), Van Arem, B. (author), Hoogendoorn, S.P. (author), De Winter, J.C.F. (author) conference paper 2015
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- Kovacsova, N. (author), Di Gesu, M. (author), Schwab, A.L. (author), Gubitosa, M. (author), Hagenzieker, M.P. (author), De Winter, J.C.F. (author) conference paper 2015
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Bazilinskyy, P. (author), van Haarlem, W. (author), Quraishi, H. (author), Berssenbrugge, C. (author), Binda, J. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)Auditory displays are promising for informing operators about hazards or objects in the environment. However, it remains to be investigated how to map distance information to a sound dimension. In this research, three sonification approaches were tested: Beep Repetition Rate (BRR) in which beep time and inter-beep time were a linear function...conference paper 2016
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- Bazilinskyy, P. (author), Kovacsova, N. (author), Al Jawahiri, Amir (author), Kapel, Pieter (author), Mulckhuyse, Joppe (author), Wagenaar, Sjors (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author) conference paper 2016
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Cabrall, C.D.D. (author), Janssen, Nico (author), Goncalves, Joel (author), Morando, Alberto (author), Sassman, Matthew (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)Automated driving vehicles of the future will most likely include multiple modes and levels of operation and thus include various transitions of control (ToC) between human and machine. Traditional activation devices (e.g., knobs, switches, buttons, and touchscreens) may be confused by operators among other system setting manipulators and...conference paper 2016
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van Leeuwen, P.M. (author), Landman, Renske (author), Buning, Lejo (author), Heffelaar, Tobias (author), Hogema, Jeroen (author), van Hemert, J.M. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author), Happee, R. (author)Driver distraction is a leading cause of crashes. The introduction of in-vehicle technology in the last decades has added support to the driving task. However, in-vehicle technologies and handheld electronic devices may also be a threat to driver safety due to information overload and distraction. Adaptive in-vehicle information systems may...conference paper 2016
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Bazilinskyy, P. (author), Eriksson, A. (author), Petermeijer, S.M. (author), de Winter, J.C.F. (author)This paper summarizes our results from survey research and driving simulator experiments on auditory, vibrotactile, and visual take-over requests in highly automated driving. Our review shows that vibrotactile takeover requests in the driver’s seat yielded relatively high ratings of self-reported usefulness and satisfaction. Auditory take-over...conference paper 2017