Towards effective heat transition policy in South-Holland: Comparing a local market driven approach and a regional plan driven approach for the design of the low-temperature heating system in South-Holland, and exploring Q-methodology to design a process of collective learning and decision making between residents and municipalities

“Heating and cooling remain neglected areas of energy policy and technology, but their decarbonisation is a fundamental element of a low-carbon economy.” (IEA, 2012). In The Netherlands the total heat demand needs to be reduced and the heat provision needs to become more sustainable (Kamp, 2015). By 2021, municipalities therefore need to have...