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Pletzer, Johannes (author), Grewe, V. (author)Hydrogen-powered hypersonic aircraft are designed to travel in the middle stratosphere at approximately 30–40 km. These aircraft can have a considerable impact on climate-relevant species like stratospheric water vapor, ozone, and methane and thus would contribute to climate warming. The impact of hypersonic aircraft emissions on atmospheric...journal article 2024
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Maruhashi, J. (author), Mertens, M. (author), Grewe, V. (author), Dedoussi, I.C. (author)Flight altitude is relevant to the climate effects resulting from aircraft emissions. Other research has shown that flying higher within the troposphere leads to larger warming from O <sub>3</sub> production. Aircraft NO <sub>x</sub> emissions are of particular interest, as they lead to warming via the short-term production of O <sub>3</sub>,...journal article 2024
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Yin, F. (author), Grewe, V. (author), Castino, F. (author), Rao, P.V. (author), Matthes, S (author), Dahlmann, K. (author), Dietmüller, Simone (author), Frömming, C. (author), Yamashita, H. (author)The Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy) provides an interface to couple submodels to a base model via a modular flexible data management facility. This paper presents the newly developed MESSy submodel, ACCF version 1.0 (ACCF 1.0), based on algorithmic Climate Change Functions version 1.0 (aCCFs 1.0), which describes the climate impact of...journal article 2023
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Rao, P.V. (author), Dwight, R.P. (author), Singh, D. (author), Maruhashi, J. (author), Dedoussi, I.C. (author), Grewe, V. (author), Frömming, Christine (author)While efforts have been made to curb CO2 emissions from aviation, the more uncertain non-CO2 effects that contribute about two-thirds to the warming in terms of radiative forcing (RF), still require attention. The most important non-CO2 effects include persistent line-shaped contrails, contrail-induced cirrus clouds and nitrogen oxide (NOx)...conference paper 2023
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Maruhashi, J. (author), Mertens, Mariano (author), Grewe, V. (author), Dedoussi, I.C. (author)Aviation’s contribution to anthropogenic global warming is estimated to be between 3 – 5% [1]. This assessment comprises two contributions: the well understood atmospheric impact of carbon dioxide (CO2) and the more uncertain non-CO2 effects. The latter pertain to persistent contrails and pollutants like nitrogen oxides (NOx), water vapor (H2O),...abstract 2023
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Noorafza, M. (author), Santos, Bruno F. (author), Sharpanskykh, Alexei (author), Zengerling, Zarah L. (author), Weder, Christian M. (author), Linke, Florian (author), Grewe, V. (author)The aviation industry has set an ambitious goal of reducing its climate impacts. Accordingly, airlines must balance their plans according to this goal with financial considerations. We developed a multi-objective framework to facilitate climate-aware network design by incorporating the objective to minimise the flight average temperature...journal article 2023
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Saluja, H.S. (author), Yin, F. (author), Gangoli Rao, A. (author), Grewe, V. (author)The climate impact of aviation is considerably different from that of other transport modes. The turbofan engine’s efficiency can be increased by increasing the Operating Pressure Ratio (OPR), bypass ratio (BPR) and Turbine Inlet Temperature (TIT), thereby reducing CO2 and H2O emissions. However, this may have an adverse effect on the secondary...journal article 2023
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Thor, Robin N. (author), Mertens, M. (author), Matthes, Sigrun (author), Righi, Mattia (author), Hendricks, Johannes (author), Brinkop, Sabine (author), Graf, Phoebe (author), Grewe, V. (author), Jöckel, Patrick (author), Smith, Steven (author)We report on an inconsistency in the latitudinal distribution of aviation emissions between the data products of phases 5 and 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP). Emissions in the CMIP6 data occur at higher latitudes than in the CMIP5 data for all scenarios, years, and emitted species. A comparative simulation with the...journal article 2023
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de la Torre Castro, E. (author), Jurkat-Witschas, Tina (author), Afchine, Armin (author), Grewe, V. (author), Hahn, Valerian (author), Kirschler, Simon (author), Krämer, Martina (author), Lucke, J.R. (author), Spelten, Nicole (author)Despite their proven importance for the atmospheric radiative energy budget, the effect of cirrus on climate and the magnitude of their modification by human activity is not well quantified. Besides anthropogenic pollution sources on the ground, aviation has a large local effect on cirrus microphysical and radiative properties via the...journal article 2023
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Simorgh, Abolfazl (author), Soler, Manuel (author), González-Arribas, Daniel (author), Linke, Florian (author), Lührs, Benjamin (author), Yin, F. (author), Castino, F. (author), Grewe, V. (author), Meuser, Maximilian M. (author)The climate impact of non-CO2 emissions, which are responsible for two-thirds of aviation radiative forcing, highly depends on the atmospheric chemistry and weather conditions. Hence, by planning aircraft trajectories to reroute areas where the non-CO2 climate impacts are strongly enhanced, called climate-sensitive regions, there is a...journal article 2023
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Dietmüller, Simone (author), Matthes, Sigrun (author), Dahlmann, Katrin (author), Yamashita, Hiroshi (author), Simorgh, Abolfazl (author), Lührs, Benjamin (author), Grewe, V. (author), Yin, F. (author), Castino, F. (author)Aviation aims to reduce its climate effect by adopting trajectories that avoid regions of the atmosphere where aviation emissions have a large impact. To that end, prototype algorithmic climate change functions (aCCFs) can be used, which provide spatially and temporally resolved information on aviation's climate effect in terms of future near...journal article 2023
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Maruhashi, J. (author), Grewe, V. (author), Frömming, Christine (author), Jöckel, Patrick (author), Dedoussi, I.C. (author)Aviation produces a net climate warming contribution that comprises multiple forcing terms of mixed sign. Aircraft NOx emissions are associated with both warming and cooling terms, with the short-term increase in O3 induced by NOx emissions being the dominant warming effect. The uncertainty associated with the magnitude of this climate forcer...journal article 2023
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Dahlmann, K. (author), Grewe, V. (author), Matthes, S. (author), Yamashita, H. (author)Climate impact of anthropogenic activities is more and more of public concern. But while CO<sub>2</sub> emissions are accounted in emissions trading and mitigation plans, emissions of non-CO<sub>2</sub> components contributing to climate change receive much less attention. One of the anthropogenic emission sectors, where non-CO<sub>2</sub>...journal article 2022
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Rao, P.V. (author), Yin, F. (author), Grewe, V. (author), Yamashita, Hiroshi (author), Jöckel, Patrick (author), Matthes, Sigrun (author), Mertens, Mariano (author), Frömming, Christine (author)Aviation contributes to 3.5% of anthropogenic climate change in terms of Effective Radiative Forcing (ERF) and 5% in terms of temperature change. Aviation climate impact is expected to increase rapidly due to the growth of air transport sector in most regions of the world and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are expected to only have a...abstract 2022
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Maruhashi, J. (author), Grewe, V. (author), Frömming, Christine (author), Jöckel, Patrick (author), Dedoussi, I.C. (author)The resilient growth of air travel demands a comprehensive understanding of the climate effects from aviation emissions. The current level of knowledge of the environmental repercussions of CO2 emissions is considerably higher than that of non-CO2 emissions, which includes nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx), other aerosols like black...abstract 2022
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Radhakrishnan, Kaushik (author), Deck, K.T. (author), Proesmans, P. (author), Linke, Florian (author), Yin, F. (author), Grewe, V. (author), Vos, Roelof (author), Lührs, Benjamin (author), Niklaβ, Malte (author), Dedoussi, I.C. (author)The aircraft’s environmental performance on fleet level is so far completely decoupled from the design process. The climate impact from aviation arising from non-CO2 effects are largely independent from CO2 emissions, but rather depend on the atmospheric state. Previously complex climate-chemistry models were used to evaluate the non-CO2...conference paper 2022
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Voigt, Christiane (author), Lelieveld, Jos (author), Schlager, Hans (author), Schneider, Johannes (author), Curtius, Joachim (author), Bohn, Birger (author), Mertens, M. (author), Grewe, V. (author), Lucke, J.R. (author)During spring 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic caused massive reductions in emissions from industry and ground and airborne transportation. To explore the resulting atmospheric composition changes, we conducted the BLUESKY campaign with two research aircraft and measured trace gases, aerosols, and cloud properties from the boundary layer to the...journal article 2022
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Simorgh, Abolfazl (author), Soler, Manuel (author), González-Arribas, Daniel (author), Matthes, Sigrun (author), Grewe, V. (author), Dietmüller, Simone (author), Baumann, Sabine (author), Yin, F. (author), Castino, F. (author)The strong growth rate of the aviation industry in recent years has created significant challenges in terms of environmental impact. Air traffic contributes to climate change through the emission of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) and other non-CO<sub>2</sub> effects, and the associated climate impact is expected to soar further. The...review 2022
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Rieger, V.S. (author), Grewe, V. (author)Road traffic emits not only carbon dioxide (CO2) and particulate matter, but also other pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and carbon monoxide (CO). These chemical species influence the atmospheric chemistry and produce ozone (O3) in the troposphere. Ozone acts as a greenhouse gas and thus contributes...journal article 2022
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Rao, P.V. (author), Yin, F. (author), Grewe, V. (author), Yamashita, Hiroshi (author), Jöckel, Patrick (author), Matthes, Sigrun (author), Mertens, Mariano (author), Frömming, Christine (author)One possibility to reduce the climate impact of aviation is the avoidance of climate-sensitive regions, which is synonymous with climate-optimised flight planning. Those regions can be identified by algorithmic Climate Change Functions (aCCFs) for nitrogen oxides (NOx), water vapour (H2O) as well as contrail cirrus, which provide a measure of...journal article 2022